वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-42, verse-16

हत्वा च रावणं युद्धे सीतामाहृत्य राघवः ।
अमर्षं पृष्ठतः कृत्वा स्ववेश्म पुनरानयत् ॥१६॥

16. hatvā ca rāvaṇaṃ yuddhe sītāmāhṛtya rāghavaḥ ,
amarṣaṃ pṛṣṭhataḥ kṛtvā svaveśma punarānayat.

16. hatvā ca rāvaṇam yuddhe sītām āhṛtya rāghavaḥ
amarṣam pṛṣṭhataḥ kṛtvā svaveśma punaḥ ānayat

16. rāghavaḥ yuddhe rāvaṇam hatvā ca sītām āhṛtya
amarṣam pṛṣṭhataḥ kṛtvā punaḥ svaveśma ānayat

16. After killing Ravana in battle and rescuing Sita, Rama set aside his anger and brought her back to his own dwelling.

Words meanings summery:

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having slain

• च (ca) - and, also

• रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Ravana

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in combat

• सीताम् (sītām) - Sita

• आहृत्य (āhṛtya) - having taken back, having rescued, having fetched

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rama (descendant of Raghu)

• अमर्षम् (amarṣam) - anger, indignation, impatience

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, behind, aside

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having put

• स्ववेश्म (svaveśma) - to his own dwelling, home

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, back

• आनयत् (ānayat) - he brought, led back

Words meanings and morphology

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having slain

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root han + tvā.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Forms a compound action with 'kṛtvā' and 'āhṛtya'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects clauses or actions.

रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Ravana

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana (the demon king of Lanka)

Root: ru

Note: Object of 'hatvā'.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, combat, fight

Past Passive Participle used as a noun

From root yudh + kta.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Locative of place/time.

सीताम् (sītām) - Sita

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita (name of Rama's wife, daughter of Janaka), furrow

Note: Object of 'āhṛtya'.

आहृत्य (āhṛtya) - having taken back, having rescued, having fetched

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund) with prefix

Formed from prefix 'ā' + root hṛ + lyaP.

Prefix: ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Prefixed absolutives.

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rama (descendant of Raghu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rama

Patronymic from Raghu.

Note: Subject of 'ānayat'.

अमर्षम् (amarṣam) - anger, indignation, impatience

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of amarṣa

amarṣa - impatience, indignation, anger, resentment

From prefix 'a-' (negation) and root 'mṛṣ' (to bear, endure). Inability to bear something.

Compound type : nañ tatpuruṣa (a+marṣa)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• marṣa – endurance, patience, forgiveness
  noun (masculine)
  From root mṛṣ (to endure).
  Root: mṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'kṛtvā' (here meaning 'making it behind' or 'setting aside').

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, behind, aside

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'pṛṣṭha' (back) + 'tas' (adverbial suffix).

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having put

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root kṛ + tvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Functions adverbially, indicating a preceding action. "pṛṣṭhataḥ kṛtvā" means "having placed behind" or "having set aside".

स्ववेश्म (svaveśma) - to his own dwelling, home

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svaveśman

svaveśman - one's own house, one's own dwelling, home

Compound of 'sva' (own) and 'veśman' (house).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (sva+veśman)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun/adjective (neuter)
• veśman – house, dwelling, abode, home
  noun (neuter)
  From root viś (to enter).
  Root: viś

Note: Object of 'ānayat'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, back

(indeclinable)

आनयत् (ānayat) - he brought, led back

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of ānī

Imperfect tense

Formed from prefix 'ā' + root nī + imperfect ending. 3rd person singular, active voice.

Prefix: ā

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.