वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-3, verse-29

येन केन तु मार्गेण तराम वरुणालयम् ।
हतेति नगरी लङ्कां वानरैरवधार्यताम् ॥२९॥

29. yena kena tu mārgeṇa tarāma varuṇālayam ,
hateti nagarī laṅkāṃ vānarairavadhāryatām.

29. yena kena tu mārgeṇa tarāma varuṇālayam hatā
iti nagarī laṅkām vānaraiḥ avadhāryatām

29. By whatever route, let us indeed cross the ocean. Let it be understood by the monkeys that the city of Lanka is destroyed.

Words meanings summery:

• येन (yena) - by whichever (path) (by which, by whom)

• केन (kena) - by whichever (path) (by what, by whom)

• तु (tu) - indeed, certainly (but, indeed, yet)

• मार्गेण (mārgeṇa) - by path, by way, by road

• तराम (tarāma) - let us cross, we may cross

• वरुणालयम् (varuṇālayam) - the ocean (abode of Varuṇa, ocean)

• हता (hatā) - destroyed (city) (killed, destroyed, smitten)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, this much (marks quotation or reported speech)

• नगरी (nagarī) - city, town

• लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - the city of Lanka (Lanka (proper noun))

• वानरैः (vānaraiḥ) - by the monkeys

• अवधार्यताम् (avadhāryatām) - let it be understood, let it be ascertained, let it be determined

Words meanings and morphology

येन (yena) - by whichever (path) (by which, by whom)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Forms a correlative pair with 'kena' meaning 'by whatever'.

केन (kena) - by whichever (path) (by what, by whom)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Forms a correlative pair with 'yena' meaning 'by whatever'.

तु (tu) - indeed, certainly (but, indeed, yet)

(indeclinable)

मार्गेण (mārgeṇa) - by path, by way, by road

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - path, road, way, track

Note: Qualified by 'yena kena'.

तराम (tarāma) - let us cross, we may cross

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, Optative (liṅ) of tṛ

Root: tṛ (class 1)

वरुणालयम् (varuṇālayam) - the ocean (abode of Varuṇa, ocean)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of varuṇālaya

varuṇālaya - abode of Varuṇa, ocean

Compound type : tatpurusha (varuṇa+ālaya)

• varuṇa – Varuṇa (Vedic deity of cosmic order and waters)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ālaya – abode, dwelling, house
  noun (masculine)
  From root lī (to cling, dissolve) with prefix ā-
  Prefix: ā
  Root: lī (class 1)

Note: Object of 'tarāma'.

हता (hatā) - destroyed (city) (killed, destroyed, smitten)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of hata

hata - killed, destroyed, smitten

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'nagarī Laṅkā'.

इति (iti) - thus, so, this much (marks quotation or reported speech)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the reported statement.

नगरी (nagarī) - city, town

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nagarī

nagarī - city, town

Note: Part of the subject phrase 'the city Lanka'.

लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - the city of Lanka (Lanka (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of laṅkā

laṅkā - Lanka (name of a city/island)

Note: This form `Laṅkām` is accusative, which is unusual as `hatā` and `nagarī` are nominative. It might imply a missing verb like 'seeing' or 'knowing' before the `iti` clause, or function effectively as a nominative within the reported speech context.

वानरैः (vānaraiḥ) - by the monkeys

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

Note: Agent of the passive imperative 'avadhāryatām'.

अवधार्यताम् (avadhāryatām) - let it be understood, let it be ascertained, let it be determined

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, Imperative (loṭ) of avadhārya

Passive Imperative (Ātmanepada)

Derived from root dhṛ (to hold, support) with prefix ava- and causal suffix -āpaya, then passive

Prefix: ava

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: The passive subject is the statement preceding 'iti'.