वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-27, verse-3

हितबुद्ध्या यदहितं वचः परुषमुच्यते ।
परपक्षं प्रविश्यैव नैतच्छ्रोत्रगतं मम ॥३॥

3. hitabuddhyā yadahitaṃ vacaḥ paruṣamucyate ,
parapakṣaṃ praviśyaiva naitacchrotragataṃ mama.

3. hita-buddhyā yat ahitam vacaḥ paruṣam ucyate
parapakṣam praviśya eva na etat śrotragatam mama

3. yat ahitam paruṣam vacaḥ hita-buddhyā ucyate
parapakṣam eva praviśya etat mama śrotragatam na

3. Even if harsh and unpleasant words are spoken with a benevolent intention, merely by siding with the opponent, they have not reached my ears (i.e., I have not heeded them).

Words meanings summery:

• हित-बुद्ध्या (hita-buddhyā) - by a benevolent intention, by a good thought

• यत् (yat) - which, whatever, that which

• अहितम् (ahitam) - harmful, unpleasant, detrimental

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

• परुषम् (paruṣam) - harsh, rough, cruel, severe

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is spoken, is told

• परपक्षम् (parapakṣam) - the side of the opponent, the enemy's party

• प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered, by entering

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• न (na) - not, no

• एतत् (etat) - this

• श्रोत्रगतम् (śrotragatam) - heard, reached the ear

• मम (mama) - my, of me

Words meanings and morphology

हित-बुद्ध्या (hita-buddhyā) - by a benevolent intention, by a good thought

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of hita-buddhi

hita-buddhi - good intention, benevolent thought, well-wishing mind

Compound type : karmadhāraya (hita+buddhi)

• hita – beneficial, good, well-being
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √dhā (to place, put) + kta, prefixed with hi
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, intention
  noun (feminine)
  Root: budh (class 1)

यत् (yat) - which, whatever, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - that which, which, whatever

Note: Can also be accusative singular. Here it acts as the subject of 'ucyate'.

अहितम् (ahitam) - harmful, unpleasant, detrimental

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ahita

ahita - unfavorable, harmful, detrimental, unpleasant

Past Passive Participle

Negative particle 'a' + 'hita' (beneficial, good)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• hita – beneficial, good, well-being
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √dhā (to place, put) + kta, prefixed with hi
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'vacaḥ'.

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying, utterance

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'ucyate'.

परुषम् (paruṣam) - harsh, rough, cruel, severe

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of paruṣa

paruṣa - harsh, rough, cruel, severe, unkind

Note: Agrees with 'vacaḥ'.

उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is spoken, is told

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Root 'vac' (to speak) takes 'uc' in passive voice. Present passive indicative 3rd singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

परपक्षम् (parapakṣam) - the side of the opponent, the enemy's party

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parapakṣa

parapakṣa - the side of the enemy, the other party

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (para+pakṣa)

• para – other, another, enemy, opponent
  adjective (masculine)
• pakṣa – side, party, wing, fortnight
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of the action implied by 'praviśya'.

प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered, by entering

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

From √viś (to enter) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one (near the speaker)

Note: Refers to the "harsh and unpleasant words".

श्रोत्रगतम् (śrotragatam) - heard, reached the ear

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śrotragata

śrotragata - heard, having reached the ear, that which is heard

Compound type : saptamī-tatpuruṣa (śrotra+gata)

• śrotra – ear, sense of hearing
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śru (class 5)
• gata – gone, reached, obtained
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √gam (to go) + kta
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'etat'.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Qualifies 'śrotragatam' (not reached *my* ear).