वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-27, verse-10

द्वन्द्वे यस्य न तिष्ठन्ति दैवतान्यपि संयुगे ।
स कस्माद् रावणो युद्धे भयमाहारयिष्यति ॥१०॥

10. dvandve yasya na tiṣṭhanti daivatānyapi saṃyuge ,
sa kasmād rāvaṇo yuddhe bhayamāhārayiṣyati.

10. dvandve yasya na tiṣṭhanti daivatāni api saṃyuge
saḥ kasmāt rāvaṇaḥ yuddhe bhayam āhārayiṣyati

10. yasya dvandve saṃyuge api daivatāni na tiṣṭhanti,
saḥ rāvaṇaḥ kasmāt yuddhe bhayam āhārayiṣyati

10. Why would that Rāvaṇa, before whose challenge (dvandva) even the deities (devatā) do not stand firm in combat (saṃyuga), experience fear in battle?

Words meanings summery:

• द्वन्द्वे (dvandve) - in a duel, in conflict

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

• न (na) - not, no

• तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - they stand, they remain, they abide, they are firm

• दैवतानि (daivatāni) - deities, divine beings, gods

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat, in conflict

• सः (saḥ) - that (he)

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - from what? why?

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (proper name of the demon king)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear, dread, terror

• आहारयिष्यति (āhārayiṣyati) - will cause to experience, will feel, will produce

Words meanings and morphology

द्वन्द्वे (dvandve) - in a duel, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dvandva

dvandva - pair, couple, duality, conflict, duel, combat

From dvi (two).

Note: Refers to conflict or challenge with Ravana.

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

Note: Possessive, referring to the context of Ravana.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates the verb tiṣṭhanti.

तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - they stand, they remain, they abide, they are firm

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of sthā

Present Tense (laṭ)

Root sthā in present stem tiṣṭha.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject is daivatāni.

दैवतानि (daivatāni) - deities, divine beings, gods

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of daivata

daivata - a deity, divine being, god

From deva (god) + ta.

Note: Subject of tiṣṭhanti.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

Particle.

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, combat, conflict, union

From sam-yuj (to join together, to fight).

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Specifies the arena of standing firm.

सः (saḥ) - that (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the main clause.

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - from what? why?

(indeclinable)

Interrogative pronoun.

Note: Adverbial usage meaning 'why'.

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (proper name of the demon king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (the name of the demon king of Lanka)

Root: ru (class 2)

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Past Passive Participle used as a noun

From root yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Specifies the context of fear.

भयम् (bhayam) - fear, dread, terror

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, terror

From root bhī (to fear).

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Object of āhārayiṣyati.

आहारयिष्यति (āhārayiṣyati) - will cause to experience, will feel, will produce

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (luṭ) of āhāray

Future Tense (luṭ), Causative

Causative form of ā-hṛ (to take, to bring). Here meaning 'to cause oneself to take/experience'.

Prefix: ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: The subject (Rāvaṇa) is the agent and also the one who experiences.