वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-21, verse-5

न ते चारयितुं शक्या राजन् वानरपुंगवाः ।
विक्रान्ता बलवन्तश्च राघवेण च रक्षिताः ॥५॥

5. na te cārayituṃ śakyā rājan vānarapuṃgavāḥ ,
vikrāntā balavantaśca rāghaveṇa ca rakṣitāḥ.

5. na te cārayitum śakyāḥ rājan vānarapuṅgavāḥ
vikrāntāḥ balavantaḥ ca rāghaveṇa ca rakṣitāḥ

5. rājan te vānarapuṅgavāḥ na cārayitum śakyāḥ
vikrāntāḥ ca balavantaḥ ca rāghaveṇa ca rakṣitāḥ

5. O King, those excellent monkeys cannot be spied upon. They are valorous and powerful, and also protected by Rāghava (Rāma).

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• ते (te) - those (monkeys) (those, they)

• चारयितुम् (cārayitum) - to spy upon (to cause to move, to spy, to graze)

• शक्याः (śakyāḥ) - capable (of being spied upon) (capable, possible, able to be done)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (Rāvaṇa) (O king)

• वानरपुङ्गवाः (vānarapuṅgavāḥ) - excellent monkeys (excellent monkeys, best of monkeys)

• विक्रान्ताः (vikrāntāḥ) - valorous (valorous, mighty, courageous)

• बलवन्तः (balavantaḥ) - powerful (powerful, strong)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• राघवेण (rāghaveṇa) - by Rāghava (Rāma)

• च (ca) - and also (and, also)

• रक्षिताः (rakṣitāḥ) - protected (protected, guarded)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - those (monkeys) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of the implicit verb 'are'.

चारयितुम् (cārayitum) - to spy upon (to cause to move, to spy, to graze)

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of cārayitum

infinitive (causative)

Infinitive form of the causative of root car (to move, to go).

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Expresses purpose or capability.

शक्याः (śakyāḥ) - capable (of being spied upon) (capable, possible, able to be done)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śakya

śakya - capable, possible, able to be done, practicable

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From root śak (to be able).

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Agrees with vānarapuṅgavāḥ.

राजन् (rājan) - O King (Rāvaṇa) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa.

वानरपुङ्गवाः (vānarapuṅgavāḥ) - excellent monkeys (excellent monkeys, best of monkeys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vānarapuṅgava

vānarapuṅgava - excellent monkey, best of monkeys

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vānara+puṅgava)

• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull, chief, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject.

विक्रान्ताः (vikrāntāḥ) - valorous (valorous, mighty, courageous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vikrānta

vikrānta - valorous, courageous, mighty, walked forth

Past Passive Participle

From root kram (to step, to go) with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: kram (class 1)

बलवन्तः (balavantaḥ) - powerful (powerful, strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of balavat

balavat - powerful, strong, mighty

Possessive suffix -vat from bala (strength).

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

राघवेण (rāghaveṇa) - by Rāghava (Rāma)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rāma

From Raghu + aṇ (patronymic suffix).

Note: Agent of rakṣitāḥ.

च (ca) - and also (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects to rakṣitāḥ.

रक्षिताः (rakṣitāḥ) - protected (protected, guarded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rakṣita

rakṣita - protected, guarded, saved

Past Passive Participle

From root rakṣ (to protect).

Root: rakṣ (class 1)