वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-21, verse-28

विश्वकर्मसुतो वीरो नलः प्लवगसत्तमः ।
विक्रान्तो वेगवानत्र वसुपुत्रः सुदुर्धरः ॥२८॥

28. viśvakarmasuto vīro nalaḥ plavagasattamaḥ ,
vikrānto vegavānatra vasuputraḥ sudurdharaḥ.

28. viśvakarmasutaḥ vīraḥ nalaḥ plavagasattamaḥ
vikrāntaḥ vegavān atra vasuputraḥ sudurdharaḥ

28. atra viśvakarmasutaḥ vīraḥ plavagasattamaḥ
nalaḥ vikrāntaḥ vegavān vasuputraḥ sudurdharaḥ

28. Here is the heroic Nala, son of Viśvakarman, the best among the monkeys. He is valorous, swift, and, as a son of Vasu, very difficult to restrain.

Words meanings summery:

• विश्वकर्मसुतः (viśvakarmasutaḥ) - son of Viśvakarman

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - heroic, brave man

• नलः (nalaḥ) - Nala

• प्लवगसत्तमः (plavagasattamaḥ) - best among the monkeys

• विक्रान्तः (vikrāntaḥ) - valorous, mighty, powerful

• वेगवान् (vegavān) - swift, fast, impetuous

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

• वसुपुत्रः (vasuputraḥ) - son of Vasu

• सुदुर्धरः (sudurdharaḥ) - very difficult to restrain or hold back

Words meanings and morphology

विश्वकर्मसुतः (viśvakarmasutaḥ) - son of Viśvakarman

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśvakarmasuta

viśvakarmasuta - son of Viśvakarman

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viśvakarman+suta)

• viśvakarman – architect of the gods, divine artisan
  proper noun (masculine)
• suta – son, born
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `sū` (to give birth)
  Root: sū (class 2)

वीरः (vīraḥ) - heroic, brave man

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, powerful

Note: Agrees with Nala

नलः (nalaḥ) - Nala

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nala

nala - Nala (name of a monkey chief, son of Viśvakarman)

प्लवगसत्तमः (plavagasattamaḥ) - best among the monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of plavagasattama

plavagasattama - best of monkeys, excellent monkey

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (plavaga+sattama)

• plavaga – monkey (lit. 'going by leaps')
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `plu` (to float, jump) + `ga` (going)
  Root: plu (class 1)
• sattama – best, excellent, most eminent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of `sat` (good, existing)

Note: Agrees with Nala

विक्रान्तः (vikrāntaḥ) - valorous, mighty, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vikrānta

vikrānta - valorous, brave, mighty; stepped forth

Past Passive Participle

Derived from `vi-kram` (to step forth, be mighty)

Prefix: vi

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Nala

वेगवान् (vegavān) - swift, fast, impetuous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vegavat

vegavat - swift, quick, energetic

Possessive suffix `mat/vat` added to `vega` (speed)

Note: Agrees with Nala

अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

(indeclinable)

वसुपुत्रः (vasuputraḥ) - son of Vasu

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vasuputra

vasuputra - son of a Vasu (a class of deities)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vasu+putra)

• vasu – a class of deities; wealth, excellent
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with Nala

सुदुर्धरः (sudurdharaḥ) - very difficult to restrain or hold back

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sudurdhara

sudurdhara - very difficult to bear/hold/restrain

Intensified form of `durdhara` (difficult to hold) with prefix `su-` (very)

Prefixes: su+dur

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Nala

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