वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-9, verse-9

स तु मे भ्रातरं दृष्ट्वा मां च दूरादवस्थितम् ।
असुरो जातसंत्रासः प्रदुद्राव तदा भृशम् ॥९॥

9. sa tu me bhrātaraṃ dṛṣṭvā māṃ ca dūrādavasthitam ,
asuro jātasaṃtrāsaḥ pradudrāva tadā bhṛśam.

9. saḥ tu me bhrātaram dṛṣṭvā mām ca dūrāt avasthitam
asuraḥ jāta-saṃtrāsaḥ pradudrāva tadā bhṛśam

9. saḥ asuraḥ tu me bhrātaram ca mām dūrāt avasthitam
dṛṣṭvā jāta-saṃtrāsaḥ tadā bhṛśam pradudrāva

9. But that demon, seeing my brother and me standing at a distance, became greatly terrified and then fled swiftly.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that demon (he, that)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• मे (me) - my (possessive) (to me, for me, my)

• भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - (my) brother (brother)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

• माम् (mām) - me

• च (ca) - and

• दूरात् (dūrāt) - from a distance (from a distance, from afar)

• अवस्थितम् (avasthitam) - standing (standing, situated, present)

• असुरः (asuraḥ) - the demon (referring to the fleeing opponent) (demon, powerful being)

• जात-संत्रासः (jāta-saṁtrāsaḥ) - greatly terrified (terrified, one whose fear has arisen, struck with terror)

• प्रदुद्राव (pradudrāva) - fled swiftly (fled, ran away)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly (fled swiftly) (greatly, exceedingly, strongly, swiftly)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that demon (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the demon mentioned previously.

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - my (possessive) (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

asmad - I, me, my

Note: This form can be dative or genitive. Here, it functions as a possessive (genitive).

भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - (my) brother (brother)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Object of the absolutive 'dṛṣṭvā'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root dṛś with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Denotes an action completed before the main verb.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

asmad - I, me, my

Note: Object of the absolutive 'dṛṣṭvā'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'my brother' and 'me'.

दूरात् (dūrāt) - from a distance (from a distance, from afar)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of dūra

dūra - distant, far; distance, remoteness

Note: Used adverbially to indicate separation from a point.

अवस्थितम् (avasthitam) - standing (standing, situated, present)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avasthita

avasthita - situated, standing, abiding, present

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root sthā (to stand) with the prefix ava and the past passive participle suffix -ita.

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'bhrātaram' and 'mām' (implicitly, as it's singular masculine, but applies to the group).

असुरः (asuraḥ) - the demon (referring to the fleeing opponent) (demon, powerful being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asura

asura - demon, titan; powerful spiritual being

Note: Subject of the main verb 'pradudrāva'.

जात-संत्रासः (jāta-saṁtrāsaḥ) - greatly terrified (terrified, one whose fear has arisen, struck with terror)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāta-saṃtrāsa

jāta-saṁtrāsa - one whose fear has arisen, terrified

Bahuvrīhi compound: jātaḥ saṃtrāsaḥ yasya saḥ (one whose terror is born).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jāta+saṃtrāsa)

• jāta – born, arisen, produced
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root jan (to be born, to produce) with past passive participle suffix -ta.
  Root: jan (class 4)
• saṃtrāsa – terror, great fear, dread
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from the root tras (to tremble) with prefix saṃ and suffix -a.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tras (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'asuraḥ'.

प्रदुद्राव (pradudrāva) - fled swiftly (fled, ran away)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (Lit) of pra-dru

Perfect Active

Perfect tense (Liṭ) 3rd person singular active form of the root dru (to run) with the prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable adverb derived from the pronoun 'tad'.

Note: Temporal adverb.

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly (fled swiftly) (greatly, exceedingly, strongly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

Note: Modifies the verb 'pradudrāva'.

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