वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-68, verse-9

दशाभागगतो हीनस्त्वं राम सहलक्ष्मणः ।
यत् कृते व्यसनं प्राप्तं त्वया दारप्रधर्षणम् ॥९॥

9. daśābhāgagato hīnastvaṃ rāma sahalakṣmaṇaḥ ,
yat kṛte vyasanaṃ prāptaṃ tvayā dārapradharṣaṇam.

9. daśābhāgagataḥ hīnaḥ tvam rāma sahalakṣmaṇaḥ
yat kṛte vyasanam prāptam tvayā dārapradharṣaṇam

9. rāma sahalakṣmaṇaḥ tvam daśābhāgagataḥ hīnaḥ
yat kṛte tvayā dārapradharṣaṇam vyasanam prāptam

9. O Rama, you, along with Lakshmana, have been reduced to a mere tenth of your former state, and because of this, you have suffered the calamity of your wife's abduction.

Words meanings summery:

• दशाभागगतः (daśābhāgagataḥ) - reduced to a tenth part, fallen to a tenth state

• हीनः (hīnaḥ) - deprived, diminished, inferior, low

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• राम (rāma) - The prince Rama (O Rama)

• सहलक्ष्मणः (sahalakṣmaṇaḥ) - with Lakshmana

• यत् (yat) - because of which (which, because of which)

• कृते (kṛte) - for the sake of, on account of

• व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - calamity, misfortune, disaster

• प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - obtained, gained, experienced

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• दारप्रधर्षणम् (dārapradharṣaṇam) - abduction/violation of wife

Words meanings and morphology

दशाभागगतः (daśābhāgagataḥ) - reduced to a tenth part, fallen to a tenth state

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśābhāgagata

daśābhāgagata - reduced to a tenth part, fallen to a tenth state

Compound formed from daśā-bhāga (tenth part) and gata (gone, reached). gata is PPP of gam.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daśābhāga+gata)

• daśābhāga – tenth part, one tenth
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of daśā (state/condition, or ten) and bhāga (part)
• gata – gone, reached, obtained, fallen into
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root gam- (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

हीनः (hīnaḥ) - deprived, diminished, inferior, low

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hīna

hīna - deprived, diminished, inferior, low

Past Passive Participle

From root hā (to abandon, to leave, to diminish)

Root: hā (class 3)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

राम (rāma) - The prince Rama (O Rama)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (proper name); pleasing, charming; black; a kind of bird

सहलक्ष्मणः (sahalakṣmaṇaḥ) - with Lakshmana

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahalakṣmaṇa

sahalakṣmaṇa - along with Lakshmana

Compound of saha (with) and lakṣmaṇa (Lakshmana)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (saha+lakṣmaṇa)

• saha – with, together with
  indeclinable
• lakṣmaṇa – Lakshmana (Rama's brother)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with tvam (implied by nominative case).

यत् (yat) - because of which (which, because of which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Used with kṛte to mean "for which reason, because of which".

कृते (kṛte) - for the sake of, on account of

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made; sake, purpose

Past Passive Participle (from kṛ)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - calamity, misfortune, disaster

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - calamity, misfortune, disaster, addiction, vice

From vi-as (to throw apart, scatter)

Prefix: vi

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Subject of prāptam (when treated as passive).

प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - obtained, gained, experienced

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, gained, reached, experienced

Past Passive Participle

From root āp (to obtain) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Predicate adjective to vyasanam, implying "has been experienced".

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent in a passive construction with prāptam.

दारप्रधर्षणम् (dārapradharṣaṇam) - abduction/violation of wife

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dārapradharṣaṇa

dārapradharṣaṇa - abduction/violation of wife

Compound of dāra (wife) and pradharṣaṇa (violation, abduction).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dāra+pradharṣaṇa)

• dāra – wife (always plural in classical Sanskrit)
  noun (masculine)
• pradharṣaṇa – violation, insult, abduction, attack
  noun (neuter)
  Agent noun/action noun
  From root dhṛṣ- (to be bold, to dare) with prefix pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

Note: In apposition to vyasanam, specifying the nature of the calamity.