वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-68, verse-18

स हि स्थानानि सर्वाणि कार्त्स्न्येन कपिकुञ्जरः ।
नरमांसाशिनां लोके नैपुण्यादधिगच्छति ॥१८॥

18. sa hi sthānāni sarvāṇi kārtsnyena kapikuñjaraḥ ,
naramāṃsāśināṃ loke naipuṇyādadhigacchati.

18. sa hi sthānāni sarvāṇi kārtsnyena kapikuñjaraḥ
| naramāṃsāśinām loke naipuṇyāt adhigacchati

18. hi saḥ kapikuñjaraḥ naipuṇyāt naramāṃsāśinām
loke sarvāṇi sthānāni kārtsnyena adhigacchati

18. Indeed, that excellent monkey (kapikuñjaraḥ), by his ingenuity, will thoroughly explore all places in the world inhabited by man-eating (naramāṃsāśinām) beings.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he (referring to the monkey mentioned in the previous verse) (he, that)

• हि (hi) - indeed, for (indeed, surely, for, because)

• स्थानानि (sthānāni) - places (places, locations, residences)

• सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all (all, entire, every)

• कार्त्स्न्येन (kārtsnyena) - thoroughly (entirely, completely, thoroughly)

• कपिकुञ्जरः (kapikuñjaraḥ) - that excellent monkey (excellent monkey, best of monkeys (literally, elephant among monkeys))

• नरमांसाशिनाम् (naramāṁsāśinām) - of those who eat human flesh (rākṣasas) (of man-eaters, cannibals)

• लोके (loke) - in the world (or region) (in the world, in the region, among people)

• नैपुण्यात् (naipuṇyāt) - by his ingenuity (by skill, by cleverness, by ingenuity)

• अधिगच्छति (adhigacchati) - ascertains, finds out (ascertains, finds, reaches, obtains, understands)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he (referring to the monkey mentioned in the previous verse) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Sugrīva.

हि (hi) - indeed, for (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

स्थानानि (sthānāni) - places (places, locations, residences)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sthāna

sthāna - place, position, abode, residence

From root sthā (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Object of 'adhigacchati'.

सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all (all, entire, every)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sarva

sarva - all, entire, every

कार्त्स्न्येन (kārtsnyena) - thoroughly (entirely, completely, thoroughly)

(indeclinable)

From 'kṛtsna' (whole, entire) with suffix '-ya' for abstract noun.

Note: Adverbial usage of instrumental singular.

कपिकुञ्जरः (kapikuñjaraḥ) - that excellent monkey (excellent monkey, best of monkeys (literally, elephant among monkeys))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kapikuñjara

kapikuñjara - excellent monkey, chief of monkeys

Compound meaning "elephant among monkeys" (metaphor for excellence).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kapi+kuñjara)

• kapi – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
• kuñjara – elephant
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'adhigacchati'.

नरमांसाशिनाम् (naramāṁsāśinām) - of those who eat human flesh (rākṣasas) (of man-eaters, cannibals)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of naramāṃsāśin

naramāṁsāśin - man-eater, cannibal (describing rākṣasas)

Compound from nara (man) + māṃsa (flesh) + āśin (eater).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+māṃsa+āśin)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• māṃsa – flesh, meat
  noun (neuter)
• āśin – eater, consumer
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root 'aś' (to eat) with suffix '-in'.
  Root: aś (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'loke' implicitly, referring to places belonging to/inhabited by man-eaters.

लोके (loke) - in the world (or region) (in the world, in the region, among people)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, region, people

Root: lok (class 1)

नैपुण्यात् (naipuṇyāt) - by his ingenuity (by skill, by cleverness, by ingenuity)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of naipuṇya

naipuṇya - skill, cleverness, expertness, ingenuity

From 'nipuṇa' (skillful) with suffix '-ya' for abstract noun.

Note: Indicates the means by which he ascertains.

अधिगच्छति (adhigacchati) - ascertains, finds out (ascertains, finds, reaches, obtains, understands)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of adhigam

Present indicative

3rd person singular present active. Prefix 'adhi-' + root 'gam'.

Prefix: adhi

Root: gam (class 1)

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