वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-38, verse-8

दोषं गुणं वा संपृष्टस्त्वमेवं वक्तुमर्हसि ।
अपायं वाप्युपायं वा कार्यस्यास्य विनिश्चये ॥८॥

8. doṣaṃ guṇaṃ vā saṃpṛṣṭastvamevaṃ vaktumarhasi ,
apāyaṃ vāpyupāyaṃ vā kāryasyāsya viniścaye.

8. doṣam guṇam vā sampṛṣṭaḥ tvam evam vaktum arhasi
apāyam vā api upāyam vā kāryasya asya viniścaye

8. sampṛṣṭaḥ tvam asya kāryasya viniścaye doṣam
vā guṇam vā apāyam vā api upāyam vaktum arhasi

8. When questioned regarding the decision concerning this matter, you (Maricha) should thus state its defects or merits, or its disadvantages or advantages.

Words meanings summery:

• दोषम् (doṣam) - defects (fault, defect, error, harm)

• गुणम् (guṇam) - merits (quality, merit, virtue, excellence)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• सम्पृष्टः (sampṛṣṭaḥ) - when questioned (asked, questioned, interrogated)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (Maricha) (you)

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

• वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to state (to speak, to tell, to say)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

• अपायम् (apāyam) - disadvantages (loss, harm, detriment, disadvantage, danger)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• उपायम् (upāyam) - advantages (means, method, remedy, advantage, expedient)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• कार्यस्य (kāryasya) - of this matter (of the work, of the matter, of the business)

• अस्य (asya) - of this (of this, of him, of it)

• विनिश्चये (viniścaye) - regarding the decision (in the decision, in the determination, in the ascertainment)

Words meanings and morphology

दोषम् (doṣam) - defects (fault, defect, error, harm)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, error, sin, harm

Root: duṣ (class 4)

गुणम् (guṇam) - merits (quality, merit, virtue, excellence)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of guṇa

guṇa - quality, merit, virtue, excellence, string

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

सम्पृष्टः (sampṛṣṭaḥ) - when questioned (asked, questioned, interrogated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sampṛṣṭa

sampṛṣṭa - asked, questioned, interrogated

Past Passive Participle

From sam-√praś (to ask)

Prefix: sam

Root: praś (class 6)

Note: Qualifies tvam.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (Maricha) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to state (to speak, to tell, to say)

(verb)

active, infinitive of vac

Infinitive

From √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present Indicative

Root arh, parasmaipada, class 1

Root: arh (class 1)

अपायम् (apāyam) - disadvantages (loss, harm, detriment, disadvantage, danger)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of apāya

apāya - loss, harm, detriment, disadvantage, danger

From apa-√i (to go away)

Prefix: apa

Root: i (class 2)

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

उपायम् (upāyam) - advantages (means, method, remedy, advantage, expedient)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upāya

upāya - means, method, remedy, advantage, expedient

From upa-√i (to go towards)

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

कार्यस्य (kāryasya) - of this matter (of the work, of the matter, of the business)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, business, matter

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

From √kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अस्य (asya) - of this (of this, of him, of it)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Agrees with kāryasya.

विनिश्चये (viniścaye) - regarding the decision (in the decision, in the determination, in the ascertainment)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of viniścaya

viniścaya - decision, determination, ascertainment, certainty

From vi-ni-√ci (to decide, ascertain)

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: ci (class 5)