वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-38, verse-21

आसाद्य तं जीवितसंशयस्ते मृत्युर्ध्रुवो ह्यद्य मया विरुध्य ।
एतद् यथावत् परिगृह्य बुद्ध्या यदत्र पथ्यं कुरु तत्तथा त्वम् ॥२१॥

21. āsādya taṃ jīvitasaṃśayaste mṛtyurdhruvo hyadya mayā virudhya ,
etad yathāvat parigṛhya buddhyā yadatra pathyaṃ kuru tattathā tvam.

21. āsādya tam jīvitasaṃśayaḥ te mṛtyuḥ
dhruvaḥ hi adya mayā virudhya
etat yathāvat parigṛhya buddhyā
yat atra pathyam kuru tat tathā tvam

21. tam āsādya te jīvitasaṃśayaḥ mayā
virudhya hi adya mṛtyuḥ dhruvaḥ
tvam etat yathāvat buddhyā parigṛhya
atra yat pathyam tat tathā kuru

21. By confronting him, your life will be in doubt, and indeed, death is certain for you today by opposing me. Therefore, having properly grasped this with your intellect, you should do whatever is beneficial in this situation.

Words meanings summery:

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - by confronting (having confronted, having reached, having approached)

• तम् (tam) - him (him, that (accusative))

• जीवितसंशयः (jīvitasaṁśayaḥ) - life will be in doubt (doubt about life, life-doubt)

• ते (te) - your (your (genitive/dative enclitic))

• मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death

• ध्रुवः (dhruvaḥ) - certain (certain, fixed, constant)

• हि (hi) - indeed (for, indeed, because)

• अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• विरुध्य (virudhya) - by opposing (by opposing, having opposed)

• एतत् (etat) - this (situation/advice) (this (accusative neuter))

• यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly (properly, exactly, truly)

• परिगृह्य (parigṛhya) - having grasped (having grasped, having understood)

• बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - with your intellect (by intellect, with understanding)

• यत् (yat) - whatever (which, whatever)

• अत्र (atra) - in this situation (here, in this place, in this situation)

• पथ्यम् (pathyam) - beneficial (beneficial, wholesome, suitable)

• कुरु (kuru) - do (do, make, perform)

• तत् (tat) - that (beneficial thing) (that (accusative neuter))

• तथा (tathā) - accordingly (so, thus, accordingly)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (you (nominative))

Words meanings and morphology

आसाद्य (āsādya) - by confronting (having confronted, having reached, having approached)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root sad with prefix ā, followed by ya suffix for absolutive.

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

तम् (tam) - him (him, that (accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of āsādya, referring to Rama.

जीवितसंशयः (jīvitasaṁśayaḥ) - life will be in doubt (doubt about life, life-doubt)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jīvitasaṃśaya

jīvitasaṁśaya - doubt about life, danger to life

Tatpurusha compound: jīvita (life) + saṃśaya (doubt).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (jīvita+saṃśaya)

• jīvita – life, living
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (from jīv)
  Derived from root jīv (to live).
  Root: jīv (class 1)
• saṃśaya – doubt, uncertainty, hesitation
  noun (masculine)
  From sam (with) + śī (to lie) or śī (to sharpen/observe) with suffix -aya.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Subject of implied 'asti'.

ते (te) - your (your (genitive/dative enclitic))

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)

Enclitic form of 2nd person pronoun.

मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, mortality, god of death

From root mṛ (to die).

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Subject of implied 'bhavati'.

ध्रुवः (dhruvaḥ) - certain (certain, fixed, constant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhruva

dhruva - fixed, constant, certain, permanent, the pole star

From root dhru (to be firm).

Root: dhru (class 1)

Note: Agrees with mṛtyuḥ.

हि (hi) - indeed (for, indeed, because)

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing cause or emphasis.

अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of mad

mad - I (1st person pronoun)

1st person pronoun.

विरुध्य (virudhya) - by opposing (by opposing, having opposed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root rudh with prefix vi, followed by ya suffix for absolutive.

Prefix: vi

Root: rudh (class 7)

एतत् (etat) - this (situation/advice) (this (accusative neuter))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly (properly, exactly, truly)

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from yathā (as) + vat (like).

Note: Modifies parigṛhya.

परिगृह्य (parigṛhya) - having grasped (having grasped, having understood)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root grah (to seize) with prefix pari (around, completely), followed by ya suffix for absolutive.

Prefix: pari

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Absolutive indicating prior action.

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - with your intellect (by intellect, with understanding)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, reason, perception

From root budh (to know, perceive).

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Instrument indicating means.

यत् (yat) - whatever (which, whatever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Relative pronoun.

अत्र (atra) - in this situation (here, in this place, in this situation)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place/situation.

पथ्यम् (pathyam) - beneficial (beneficial, wholesome, suitable)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pathya

pathya - suitable, fit, proper, wholesome, beneficial

Gerundive

Derived from patha (path) + ya (suitable for).

कुरु (kuru) - do (do, make, perform)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Present Active Imperative

Root kṛ, Class 8, Imperative mood, 2nd person singular, Parasmaipada.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तत् (tat) - that (beneficial thing) (that (accusative neuter))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

तथा (tathā) - accordingly (so, thus, accordingly)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

Note: Modifies kuru.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (you (nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)

2nd person pronoun.

Note: Subject of kuru.