वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-38, verse-14

अभ्यागतं मां दौरात्म्यात् परुषं वदसीदृशम् ।
गुणदोषौ न पृच्छामि क्षमं चात्मनि राक्षस ।
अस्मिंस्तु स भवान् कृत्ये साहाय्यं कर्तुमर्हति ॥१४॥

14. abhyāgataṃ māṃ daurātmyāt paruṣaṃ vadasīdṛśam ,
guṇadoṣau na pṛcchāmi kṣamaṃ cātmani rākṣasa ,
asmiṃstu sa bhavān kṛtye sāhāyyaṃ kartumarhati.

14. abhyāgatam mām daurātmyāt paruṣam
vadasi īdṛśam guṇadoṣau na pṛcchāmi
kṣamam ca ātmani rākṣasa asmin tu
saḥ bhavān kṛtye sāhāyyam kartum arhati

14. dourātmyāt tvam abhyāgatam mām īdṛśam paruṣam vadasi.
rākṣasa,
guṇadoṣau ca ātmani kṣamam na pṛcchāmi.
tu asmin kṛtye saḥ bhavān sāhāyyam kartum arhati.

14. Out of your wicked nature, you speak such harsh words to me, your guest. O Rākṣasa, I am not asking about right or wrong, nor what is proper for you personally. Rather, your honor ought to provide assistance in this particular task.

Words meanings summery:

• अभ्यागतम् (abhyāgatam) - me, your guest (one who has approached) (having come near, arrived, a guest)

• माम् (mām) - me

• दौरात्म्यात् (daurātmyāt) - out of your wicked nature (from wickedness, due to evil nature)

• परुषम् (paruṣam) - harsh (words) (harsh, rough, cruel, rude)

• वदसि (vadasi) - you speak (you speak, you say)

• ईदृशम् (īdṛśam) - such (such, of this kind)

• गुणदोषौ (guṇadoṣau) - right or wrong (merits and demerits, good and bad qualities)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I am asking (I ask, I inquire)

• क्षमम् (kṣamam) - proper (for you) (suitable, proper, capable, fit)

• च (ca) - nor (and, also)

• आत्मनि (ātmani) - for you personally (in the self, for oneself, personally)

• राक्षस (rākṣasa) - O Rākṣasa (O Rākṣasa (demon))

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

• तु (tu) - rather (but, however, indeed, on the other hand)

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to 'your honor') (he, that)

• भवान् (bhavān) - your honor (your honor, you (polite address))

• कृत्ये (kṛtye) - in this particular task (in a task, in a deed, in a matter)

• साहाय्यम् (sāhāyyam) - assistance (help, assistance, aid)

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to provide, to render (to do, to make, to perform)

• अर्हति (arhati) - ought to (deserves, ought, is able, is fit)

Words meanings and morphology

अभ्यागतम् (abhyāgatam) - me, your guest (one who has approached) (having come near, arrived, a guest)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhyāgata

abhyāgata - approached, arrived, come, guest, visitor

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'gam' (to go) with prefixes 'abhi-' and 'ā-'.

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'mām'.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I (first person pronoun)

दौरात्म्यात् (daurātmyāt) - out of your wicked nature (from wickedness, due to evil nature)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of daurātmya

daurātmya - wickedness, evil nature, depravity, meanness

Derived from 'durātman' (evil-minded person) with suffix '-ya' for abstract quality.

परुषम् (paruṣam) - harsh (words) (harsh, rough, cruel, rude)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paruṣa

paruṣa - harsh, rough, cruel, severe, unkind, rude

Note: Qualifies 'vākyam' (words), which is implied.

वदसि (vadasi) - you speak (you speak, you say)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of vad

Root: vad (class 1)

ईदृशम् (īdṛśam) - such (such, of this kind)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of īdṛśa

īdṛśa - such, of this sort, like this

Note: Qualifies 'paruṣam' (harsh words).

गुणदोषौ (guṇadoṣau) - right or wrong (merits and demerits, good and bad qualities)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of guṇadoṣa

guṇadoṣa - merits and demerits, virtues and faults, good and bad qualities

Dvandva compound of 'guṇa' (merit, quality) and 'doṣa' (fault, demerit).

Compound type : dvandva (guṇa+doṣa)

• guṇa – quality, virtue, merit, attribute, thread
  noun (masculine)
• doṣa – fault, defect, vice, demerit, sin
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'duṣ' (to spoil, be corrupt).
  Root: duṣ (class 4)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I am asking (I ask, I inquire)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of pṛcch

Root: pṛcch (class 6)

क्षमम् (kṣamam) - proper (for you) (suitable, proper, capable, fit)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṣama

kṣama - fit, proper, suitable, capable, tolerant, patient

Root: kṣam (class 1)

Note: Implies 'what is proper'.

च (ca) - nor (and, also)

(indeclinable)

आत्मनि (ātmani) - for you personally (in the self, for oneself, personally)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, individual soul, essence, breath, mind

राक्षस (rākṣasa) - O Rākṣasa (O Rākṣasa (demon))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - Rākṣasa (a class of demons or evil beings), belonging to Rākṣasas

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Qualifies 'kṛtye'.

तु (tu) - rather (but, however, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to 'your honor') (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भवान् (bhavān) - your honor (your honor, you (polite address))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavant

bhavant - you (honorific), your honor, being, existing

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root 'bhū' (to be, become), used as an honorific pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

कृत्ये (kṛtye) - in this particular task (in a task, in a deed, in a matter)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kṛtya

kṛtya - deed, act, action, business, task, what is to be done

Gerundive

Gerundive (future passive participle) of root 'kṛ' (to do), used as a noun.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

साहाय्यम् (sāhāyyam) - assistance (help, assistance, aid)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sāhāyya

sāhāyya - help, aid, assistance, cooperation

Derived from 'sahāya' (helper) with suffix '-ya' for abstract quality.

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to provide, to render (to do, to make, to perform)

(verb)

infinitive of kṛ

Infinitive

Infinitive form of the root 'kṛ'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अर्हति (arhati) - ought to (deserves, ought, is able, is fit)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)