वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-38, verse-20

एतत् कार्यमवश्यं मे बलादपि करिष्यसि ।
राज्ञो हि प्रतिकूलस्थो न जातु सुखमेधते ॥२०॥

20. etat kāryamavaśyaṃ me balādapi kariṣyasi ,
rājño hi pratikūlastho na jātu sukhamedhate.

20. etat kāryam avaśyam me balāt api kariṣyasi
rājñaḥ hi pratikūlasthaḥ na jātu sukham edhate

20. etat kāryam me avaśyam balāt api kariṣyasi hi
rājñaḥ pratikūlasthaḥ jātu na sukham edhate

20. You will certainly accomplish this task for me, even by force. Indeed, one who opposes the king never prospers happily.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - task (task, work, duty)

• अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - certainly (certainly, necessarily, undoubtedly)

• मे (me) - for me (to me, for me, my)

• बलात् (balāt) - by force (from force, by force, forcibly)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

• करिष्यसि (kariṣyasi) - you will accomplish (you will do, you will make)

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

• हि (hi) - indeed (for, indeed, because)

• प्रतिकूलस्थः (pratikūlasthaḥ) - one who opposes (standing against, hostile, contrary)

• न (na) - never (modifies jātu) (not, no)

• जातु (jātu) - ever (with na, means 'never') (ever, at any time)

• सुखम् (sukham) - happily (happiness, happily)

• एधते (edhate) - prospers (prospers, thrives, grows)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Agrees with kāryam.

कार्यम् (kāryam) - task (task, work, duty)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, work, business, action

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do) + suffix -ya.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of kariṣyasi.

अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - certainly (certainly, necessarily, undoubtedly)

(indeclinable)

From a (negative) + vaśya (obedient, dependent). Here, used as an adverb.

Compound type : Nañ-tatpurusha (a+vaśya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• vaśya – obedient, submissive, dependent
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from vaś (to control, to wish).
  Root: vaś (class 10)

मे (me) - for me (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of mad

mad - I (1st person pronoun)

Enclitic form of 1st person pronoun.

Note: Optional alternative for mahyam.

बलात् (balāt) - by force (from force, by force, forcibly)

(indeclinable)

Formed with ablative suffix -āt (often used adverbially).

Note: Functions adverbially.

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Emphasizes balāt.

करिष्यसि (kariṣyasi) - you will accomplish (you will do, you will make)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of kṛ

Future Active

Root kṛ, Class 8, Future tense, 2nd person singular, Parasmaipada.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

n-stem noun.

Note: Possessive, 'of the king'.

हि (hi) - indeed (for, indeed, because)

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing cause or emphasis.

प्रतिकूलस्थः (pratikūlasthaḥ) - one who opposes (standing against, hostile, contrary)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratikūlastha

pratikūlastha - standing opposite, adverse, hostile, contrary

Compound: prati (against) + kūla (bank, shore, opposite) + stha (standing).

Compound type : Upapada-Tatpurusha (prati+kūla+stha)

• prati – against, towards, opposite
  indeclinable
• kūla – bank, shore, edge, contrary
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, staying, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of edhate.

न (na) - never (modifies jātu) (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

जातु (jātu) - ever (with na, means 'never') (ever, at any time)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

सुखम् (sukham) - happily (happiness, happily)

(indeclinable)

Neuter noun, here used adverbially (accusative of manner).

Note: Adverbial usage.

एधते (edhate) - prospers (prospers, thrives, grows)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of edh

Present Middle

Root edh, Class 1, Present tense, 3rd person singular, Ātmanepada.

Root: edh (class 1)