वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-38, verse-12

पञ्चरूपाणि राजानो धारयन्त्यमितौजसः ।
अग्नेरिन्द्रस्य सोमस्य यमस्य वरुणस्य च ।
औष्ण्यं तथा विक्रमं च सौम्यं दण्डं प्रसन्नताम् ॥१२॥

12. pañcarūpāṇi rājāno dhārayantyamitaujasaḥ ,
agnerindrasya somasya yamasya varuṇasya ca ,
auṣṇyaṃ tathā vikramaṃ ca saumyaṃ daṇḍaṃ prasannatām.

12. pañca rūpāṇi rājānaḥ dhārayanti
amitojasaḥ agneḥ indrasya somasya
yamasya varuṇasya ca auṣṇyam tathā
vikramam ca saumyam daṇḍam prasannatām

12. amitojasaḥ rājānaḥ pañca rūpāṇi dhārayanti: agneḥ auṣṇyam,
indrasya vikramam,
somasya saumyam,
yamasya daṇḍam,
varuṇasya ca prasannatām.

12. Kings of immense power embody five forms or aspects, drawing from the deities Agni, Indra, Soma, Yama, and Varuna. These aspects are fierceness, also valor, gentleness, punitive authority, and graciousness.

Words meanings summery:

• पञ्च (pañca) - five

• रूपाणि (rūpāṇi) - forms or aspects (forms, aspects, natures)

• राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings (kings, rulers)

• धारयन्ति (dhārayanti) - embody (they bear, they hold, they possess, they embody)

• अमितोजसः (amitojasaḥ) - of immense power (of immeasurable power, having boundless energy)

• अग्नेः (agneḥ) - of Agni (of Agni (the fire god))

• इन्द्रस्य (indrasya) - of Indra (of Indra (the king of gods))

• सोमस्य (somasya) - of Soma (of Soma (the moon god, or the divine elixir))

• यमस्य (yamasya) - of Yama (of Yama (the god of death))

• वरुणस्य (varuṇasya) - of Varuna (of Varuna (the god of cosmic order, ocean, and justice))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• औष्ण्यम् (auṣṇyam) - fierceness (like fire) (heat, warmth, fierce nature)

• तथा (tathā) - also (thus, so, likewise, also)

• विक्रमम् (vikramam) - valor (valor, prowess, heroism, stride)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सौम्यम् (saumyam) - gentleness (mildness, gentleness, pleasantness, relating to Soma)

• दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - punitive authority (punishment, rod, staff, authority)

• प्रसन्नताम् (prasannatām) - graciousness (serenity, graciousness, clearness, favor)

Words meanings and morphology

पञ्च (pañca) - five

(numeral)

रूपाणि (rūpāṇi) - forms or aspects (forms, aspects, natures)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, aspect, appearance, nature, beauty

राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings (kings, rulers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign, prince

धारयन्ति (dhārayanti) - embody (they bear, they hold, they possess, they embody)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of dhāray

Causative of √dhṛ

From the causative stem of the root 'dhṛ'.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

अमितोजसः (amitojasaḥ) - of immense power (of immeasurable power, having boundless energy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of amitojas

amitojas - of immeasurable power, having endless strength, exceedingly potent

Compound of 'amita' (immeasurable) and 'ojas' (power, strength).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (amita+ojas)

• amita – immeasurable, infinite, boundless
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Negative 'a-' prefix + past passive participle of 'mā' (to measure).
  Root: mā (class 2)
• ojas – power, strength, energy, vitality, splendor
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'rājānaḥ'.

अग्नेः (agneḥ) - of Agni (of Agni (the fire god))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, the god of fire

इन्द्रस्य (indrasya) - of Indra (of Indra (the king of gods))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (king of the gods, god of thunder and rain)

सोमस्य (somasya) - of Soma (of Soma (the moon god, or the divine elixir))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of soma

soma - Soma (the moon, the moon god, the juice of the Soma plant, elixir)

यमस्य (yamasya) - of Yama (of Yama (the god of death))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yama

yama - Yama (the god of death and justice), restraint, control

वरुणस्य (varuṇasya) - of Varuna (of Varuna (the god of cosmic order, ocean, and justice))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of varuṇa

varuṇa - Varuna (Vedic deity of cosmic order, water, and justice), the ocean

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

औष्ण्यम् (auṣṇyam) - fierceness (like fire) (heat, warmth, fierce nature)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of auṣṇya

auṣṇya - heat, warmth, fierceness, vehemence

Derived from 'uṣṇa' (hot) with a suffix of abstract quality.

तथा (tathā) - also (thus, so, likewise, also)

(indeclinable)

विक्रमम् (vikramam) - valor (valor, prowess, heroism, stride)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vikrama

vikrama - valor, prowess, heroism, mighty step, courage, power

From prefix 'vi-' and root 'kram' (to step, go).

Prefix: vi

Root: kram (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

सौम्यम् (saumyam) - gentleness (mildness, gentleness, pleasantness, relating to Soma)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saumya

saumya - mild, gentle, pleasant, auspicious, relating to Soma (the moon)

Derived from 'soma' (moon, or the deity Soma).

दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - punitive authority (punishment, rod, staff, authority)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - stick, staff, rod, punishment, penalty, authority, army

प्रसन्नताम् (prasannatām) - graciousness (serenity, graciousness, clearness, favor)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prasannatā

prasannatā - clearness, purity, serenity, graciousness, favor, calmness

Derived from 'prasanna' (clear, calm, gracious) with suffix '-tā' for abstract quality.