वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-38, verse-5

यस्त्यक्त्वा सुहृदो राज्यं मातरं पितरं तथा ।
स्त्रीवाक्यं प्राकृतं श्रुत्वा वनमेकपदे गतः ॥५॥

5. yastyaktvā suhṛdo rājyaṃ mātaraṃ pitaraṃ tathā ,
strīvākyaṃ prākṛtaṃ śrutvā vanamekapade gataḥ.

5. yaḥ tyaktvā suhṛdaḥ rājyam mātaram pitaram tathā
strīvākyam prākṛtam śrutvā vanam ekapade gataḥ

5. yaḥ suhṛdaḥ rājyam mātaram pitaram tathā tyaktvā
prākṛtam strīvākyam śrutvā ekapade vanam gataḥ

5. He who abandoned his friends, kingdom, mother, and father, and hearing the common words of a woman, immediately went to the forest.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - Rāma (who abandoned his family and kingdom) (who, he who)

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having given up

• सुहृदः (suhṛdaḥ) - Rāma's friends (friends, well-wishers)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - Rāma's kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty)

• मातरम् (mātaram) - Kausalya (Rāma's mother) (mother)

• पितरम् (pitaram) - Daśaratha (Rāma's father) (father)

• तथा (tathā) - and, so, thus

• स्त्रीवाक्यम् (strīvākyam) - the words of Kaikeyī (Rāma's stepmother) (a woman's word/statement)

• प्राकृतम् (prākṛtam) - common, ordinary, natural

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• वनम् (vanam) - the forest (to which Rāma was exiled) (to the forest, forest)

• एकपदे (ekapade) - immediately, at once, in one step

• गतः (gataḥ) - Rāma (who went to the forest) (gone, went)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - Rāma (who abandoned his family and kingdom) (who, he who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, that

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having given up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root tyaj with -tvā suffix

Root: tyaj (class 1)

सुहृदः (suhṛdaḥ) - Rāma's friends (friends, well-wishers)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, well-wisher

राज्यम् (rājyam) - Rāma's kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, reign

मातरम् (mātaram) - Kausalya (Rāma's mother) (mother)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

पितरम् (pitaram) - Daśaratha (Rāma's father) (father)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

तथा (tathā) - and, so, thus

(indeclinable)

स्त्रीवाक्यम् (strīvākyam) - the words of Kaikeyī (Rāma's stepmother) (a woman's word/statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of strīvākya

strīvākya - woman's word, speech of a woman

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (strī+vākya)

• strī – woman, wife
  noun (feminine)
• vākya – speech, statement
  noun (neuter)

प्राकृतम् (prākṛtam) - common, ordinary, natural

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prākṛta

prākṛta - natural, common, ordinary, vulgar

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root śru with -tvā suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

वनम् (vanam) - the forest (to which Rāma was exiled) (to the forest, forest)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

एकपदे (ekapade) - immediately, at once, in one step

(indeclinable)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+pada)

• eka – one, single
  pronoun
• pada – foot, step, word
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adverbial use of locative singular

गतः (gataḥ) - Rāma (who went to the forest) (gone, went)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, arrived

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root gam with -ta suffix

Root: gam (class 1)