वाल्मीकि-रामायणम्
vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam
-
book-3, chapter-31, verse-10
अयुक्तचारं मन्ये त्वां प्राकृतैः सचिवैर्वृतम् ।
स्वजनं च जनस्थानं हतं यो नावबुध्यसे ॥१०॥
स्वजनं च जनस्थानं हतं यो नावबुध्यसे ॥१०॥
10. ayuktacāraṃ manye tvāṃ prākṛtaiḥ sacivairvṛtam ,
svajanaṃ ca janasthānaṃ hataṃ yo nāvabudhyase.
svajanaṃ ca janasthānaṃ hataṃ yo nāvabudhyase.
10.
ayuktacāram manye tvām prākṛtaiḥ sacivaiḥ vṛtam
svajanam ca janasthānam hatam yaḥ na avabudhyase
svajanam ca janasthānam hatam yaḥ na avabudhyase
10.
yaḥ svajanam ca janasthānam hatam na avabudhyase,
(tam) tvām prākṛtaiḥ sacivaiḥ vṛtam ayuktacāram manye.
(tam) tvām prākṛtaiḥ sacivaiḥ vṛtam ayuktacāram manye.
10.
I consider you to be poorly informed by intelligence (cāra) and surrounded by incompetent ministers, you who do not realize that your own people and Janasthana have been destroyed.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अयुक्तचारम् (ayuktacāram) - one poorly informed by intelligence (one without proper spies/intelligence; one whose spies are unsuitable)
- मन्ये (manye) - I consider (I think; I consider; I believe)
- त्वाम् (tvām) - you (you (accusative singular))
- प्राकृतैः (prākṛtaiḥ) - by incompetent (by ordinary; by common; by simple; by ignorant; by rustic)
- सचिवैः (sacivaiḥ) - by ministers (by ministers; by companions)
- वृतम् (vṛtam) - surrounded (surrounded; chosen; covered; contained)
- स्वजनम् (svajanam) - your own people (one's own people; one's own kinsmen)
- च (ca) - and (and; also; moreover)
- जनस्थानम् (janasthānam) - Janasthana (a specific region in the Daṇḍaka forest) (Janasthana (a specific region); inhabited place)
- हतम् (hatam) - destroyed (slain; killed; destroyed; struck)
- यः (yaḥ) - you who (who; which)
- न (na) - not (not; no)
- अवबुध्यसे (avabudhyase) - you realize (you understand; you realize; you know)
Words meanings and morphology
अयुक्तचारम् (ayuktacāram) - one poorly informed by intelligence (one without proper spies/intelligence; one whose spies are unsuitable)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ayuktacāra
ayuktacāra - one without proper spies, ill-served by intelligence
Negative tatpuruṣa compound of a (not) + yukta (employed, proper) + cāra (spy/intelligence)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+yukta+cāra)
- a – not, non-, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - yukta – joined, yoked, connected, suitable, proper, engaged
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root yuj (to join, connect)
Root: yuj (class 7) - cāra – a spy, secret emissary; movement
noun (masculine)
Root: car (class 1)
मन्ये (manye) - I consider (I think; I consider; I believe)
(verb)
1st person , singular, middle, present (lat) of man
Root: man (class 4)
त्वाम् (tvām) - you (you (accusative singular))
(pronoun)
Accusative, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
प्राकृतैः (prākṛtaiḥ) - by incompetent (by ordinary; by common; by simple; by ignorant; by rustic)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of prākṛta
prākṛta - natural, original, ordinary, vulgar, ignorant, common
Derived from prakṛti (nature) + -a
सचिवैः (sacivaiḥ) - by ministers (by ministers; by companions)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of saciva
saciva - minister, companion, associate
Compound of sa (with) and civa (perhaps related to ci, to gather)
वृतम् (vṛtam) - surrounded (surrounded; chosen; covered; contained)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛta
vṛta - covered, surrounded, chosen, selected, appointed
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root vṛ (to cover, choose)
Root: vṛ (class 5)
स्वजनम् (svajanam) - your own people (one's own people; one's own kinsmen)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of svajana
svajana - one's own people, kinsmen, family
Compound of sva (one's own) + jana (person, people)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+jana)
- sva – one's own, self
pronoun (masculine) - jana – person, people, folk
noun (masculine)
च (ca) - and (and; also; moreover)
(indeclinable)
जनस्थानम् (janasthānam) - Janasthana (a specific region in the Daṇḍaka forest) (Janasthana (a specific region); inhabited place)
(proper noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of janasthāna
janasthāna - inhabited place, a particular region in the Daṇḍaka forest
Compound of jana (people) + sthāna (place)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+sthāna)
- jana – people, person
noun (masculine) - sthāna – place, stand, abode
noun (neuter)
Root: sthā (class 1)
हतम् (hatam) - destroyed (slain; killed; destroyed; struck)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of hata
hata - slain, killed, destroyed, struck
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root han (to strike, kill)
Root: han (class 2)
यः (yaḥ) - you who (who; which)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - which, what, whatever
न (na) - not (not; no)
(indeclinable)
अवबुध्यसे (avabudhyase) - you realize (you understand; you realize; you know)
(verb)
2nd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of avabudh
Root budh (to know, wake) with prefix ava-
Prefix: ava
Root: budh (class 1)