वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-16, verse-15

नियोगात्तु नरेन्द्रस्य पितुर्मातुश्च यन्त्रितः ।
धर्मार्थं धर्मकाङ्क्षी च वनं वस्तुमिहागतः ॥१५॥

15. niyogāttu narendrasya piturmātuśca yantritaḥ ,
dharmārthaṃ dharmakāṅkṣī ca vanaṃ vastumihāgataḥ.

15. niyogāt tu narendrasya pituḥ mātuḥ ca yantritaḥ
dharmārtham dharmakāṅkṣī ca vanam vastum iha āgataḥ

15. tu narendrasya pituḥ ca mātuḥ niyogāt yantritaḥ,
ca dharmakāṅkṣī (aham),
dharmārtham iha vanam vastum āgataḥ

15. Indeed, bound by the command of the king, my father, and my mother, and desirous of upholding righteousness (dharma), I have come here to dwell in the forest for the sake of fulfilling my intrinsic nature (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• नियोगात् (niyogāt) - from the command, due to the order

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• नरेन्द्रस्य (narendrasya) - of the king

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

• मातुः (mātuḥ) - of the mother

• च (ca) - and

• यन्त्रितः (yantritaḥ) - constrained, controlled, bound

• धर्मार्थम् (dharmārtham) - for the sake of fulfilling my intrinsic nature (dharma) (for the sake of natural law (dharma), for the purpose of intrinsic nature (dharma))

• धर्मकाङ्क्षी (dharmakāṅkṣī) - desirous of upholding righteousness (dharma) (desirous of natural law (dharma), longing for righteousness)

• च (ca) - and

• वनम् (vanam) - to the forest

• वस्तुम् (vastum) - to dwell, to reside

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - has come, arrived

Words meanings and morphology

नियोगात् (niyogāt) - from the command, due to the order

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of niyoga

niyoga - command, order, appointment, injunction

From `ni-yuj` (to appoint, enjoin).

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

नरेन्द्रस्य (narendrasya) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of narendra

narendra - king, ruler, lord of men

Compound `nara` (man) + `indra` (chief, lord).

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+indra)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief, the god Indra
  noun (masculine)

पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

r̥-stem noun.

Note: Also could be ablative, but genitive fits with `niyogāt`.

मातुः (mātuḥ) - of the mother

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

r̥-stem noun.

Note: Also could be ablative, but genitive fits with `niyogāt`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `pituḥ` and `mātuḥ`.

यन्त्रितः (yantritaḥ) - constrained, controlled, bound

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yantrita

yantrita - restrained, controlled, regulated, bound

Past Passive Participle

From root `yam` (to restrain) with `tra` suffix, then `ita`. Or from `yantray` (causative of yam).

Root: yam (class 1)

धर्मार्थम् (dharmārtham) - for the sake of fulfilling my intrinsic nature (dharma) (for the sake of natural law (dharma), for the purpose of intrinsic nature (dharma))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmārtha

dharmārtha - object of natural law (dharma), for the sake of natural law (dharma), righteousness

Compound `dharma` + `artha`.

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+artha)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  From root `dhṛ` (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially.

धर्मकाङ्क्षी (dharmakāṅkṣī) - desirous of upholding righteousness (dharma) (desirous of natural law (dharma), longing for righteousness)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmakāṅkṣin

dharmakāṅkṣin - desirous of natural law (dharma), longing for righteousness

Compound `dharma` + `kāṅkṣin` (desirous of).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+kāṅkṣin)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• kāṅkṣin – desiring, longing for
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  `kāṅkṣin` is derived from `kāṅkṣ` (desire) + `in` suffix.
  Root: kāṅkṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `yantritaḥ` and `dharmakāṅkṣī`.

वनम् (vanam) - to the forest

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Accusative of destination.

वस्तुम् (vastum) - to dwell, to reside

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of vas

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root `vas`.

Root: vas (class 1)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

आगतः (āgataḥ) - has come, arrived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - arrived, come, approached

Past Passive Participle

From `ā-gam` (to come).

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions as a finite verb in conjunction with implied 'I am'.