वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-16, verse-11

जटी तापसरूपेण सभार्यः शरचापधृक् ।
आगतस्त्वमिमं देशं कथं राक्षससेवितम् ॥११॥

11. jaṭī tāpasarūpeṇa sabhāryaḥ śaracāpadhṛk ,
āgatastvamimaṃ deśaṃ kathaṃ rākṣasasevitam.

11. jaṭī tāpasarūpeṇa sabhāryaḥ śaracāpadhṛk
āgataḥ tvam imam deśam katham rākṣasasevitam

11. tvam jaṭī tāpasarūpeṇa sabhāryaḥ śaracāpadhṛk
imam rākṣasasevitam deśam katham āgataḥ

11. You, an ascetic with matted hair, accompanied by your wife and holding a bow and arrows, how have you come to this region frequented by demons (rākṣasas)?

Words meanings summery:

• जटी (jaṭī) - a matted-haired ascetic, one with matted hair

• तापसरूपेण (tāpasarūpeṇa) - in the form of an ascetic, in an ascetic's guise

• सभार्यः (sabhāryaḥ) - with wife, accompanied by wife

• शरचापधृक् (śaracāpadhṛk) - holding a bow and arrows

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - having come, arrived

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• इमम् (imam) - this

• देशम् (deśam) - region, country, place

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

• राक्षससेवितम् (rākṣasasevitam) - inhabited by demons, frequented by rākṣasas

Words meanings and morphology

जटी (jaṭī) - a matted-haired ascetic, one with matted hair

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaṭin

jaṭin - one with matted hair, ascetic

from jaṭā (matted hair) + suffix -in

तापसरूपेण (tāpasarūpeṇa) - in the form of an ascetic, in an ascetic's guise

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tāpasarūpa

tāpasarūpa - form of an ascetic, guise of an ascetic

Compound type : tatpurusha (tāpasa+rūpa)

• tāpasa – ascetic, one who practices austerity
  noun (masculine)
  from tapas (austerity) + suffix -a
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance, guise
  noun (neuter)

सभार्यः (sabhāryaḥ) - with wife, accompanied by wife

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sabhārya

sabhārya - having a wife, accompanied by a wife

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+bhāryā)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• bhāryā – wife
  noun (feminine)
  from bhṛ (to support) + ṇyat (passive participle suffix) + ṭāp (feminine suffix)
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'tvam' (you, referring to Rama)

शरचापधृक् (śaracāpadhṛk) - holding a bow and arrows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaracāpadhṛ

śaracāpadhṛ - holding bow and arrow

Compound type : bahuvrihi (śara+cāpa+dhṛ)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śṛ (class 1)
• cāpa – bow
  noun (neuter)
  Root: cap (class 1)
• dhṛ – holder, bearer
  noun (masculine)
  from root dhṛ (to hold, bear), agent noun
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'tvam'

आगतः (āgataḥ) - having come, arrived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived

Past Passive Participle

from ā + gam + kta

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'tvam'

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Agrees with 'deśam'

देशम् (deśam) - region, country, place

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - region, country, place

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Object of 'āgataḥ' (implicitly, to where one has come)

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

राक्षससेवितम् (rākṣasasevitam) - inhabited by demons, frequented by rākṣasas

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rākṣasasevita

rākṣasasevita - frequented by rākṣasas, served by rākṣasas

Compound type : tatpurusha (rākṣasa+sevita)

• rākṣasa – demon, rākṣasa
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)
• sevita – served, frequented, inhabited, resorted to
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from sev + kta
  Root: sev (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'deśam'