वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-88, verse-19

इदमेवामृतं प्राहू राज्ञां राजर्षयः परे ।
वनवासं भवार्थाय प्रेत्य मे प्रपितामहाः ॥१९॥

19. idamevāmṛtaṃ prāhū rājñāṃ rājarṣayaḥ pare ,
vanavāsaṃ bhavārthāya pretya me prapitāmahāḥ.

19. idam eva amṛtam prāhuḥ rājñām rājarṣayaḥ pare
vanavāsam bhava-arthāya pretya me prapitāmahāḥ

19. me pare rājñām rājarṣayaḥ prapitāmahāḥ idam vanavāsam eva pretya bhava-arthāya amṛtam prāhuḥ.

19. My great-grandfathers, who were royal sages (rājarṣayaḥ) and supreme among kings, declared this very forest dwelling to be nectar for the sake of existence (bhavārthāya) after death.

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, very

• अमृतम् (amṛtam) - nectar, immortality

• प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they say, they declare

• राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings, among kings

• राजर्षयः (rājarṣayaḥ) - royal sages

• परे (pare) - supreme, highest, excellent

• वनवासम् (vanavāsam) - forest dwelling, exile in the forest

• भव-अर्थाय (bhava-arthāya) - for the sake of existence, for the purpose of being

• प्रेत्य (pretya) - after dying, having died

• मे (me) - my (great-grandfathers) (my, to me, of me)

• प्रपितामहाः (prapitāmahāḥ) - great-grandfathers

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, very

(indeclinable)

अमृतम् (amṛtam) - nectar, immortality

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of amṛta

amṛta - nectar, ambrosia, immortality, immortal

a (negation) + mṛta (dead)

प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they say, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of pra-ah

Prefix: pra

Root: ah (class 2)

Note: Irregular perfect form (āha is singular)

राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings, among kings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

राजर्षयः (rājarṣayaḥ) - royal sages

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājarṣi

rājarṣi - royal sage, king who is also a sage

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+ṛṣi)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

परे (pare) - supreme, highest, excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, supreme, highest, excellent, subsequent

वनवासम् (vanavāsam) - forest dwelling, exile in the forest

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vanavāsa

vanavāsa - dwelling in a forest, forest exile

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+vāsa)

• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• vāsa – dwelling, abode, residence
  noun (masculine)
  From √vas (to dwell)
  Root: vas (class 1)

भव-अर्थाय (bhava-arthāya) - for the sake of existence, for the purpose of being

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of bhava-artha

bhava-artha - purpose of existence, for the sake of being

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhava+artha)

• bhava – existence, being, world, birth
  noun (masculine)
  From √bhū (to be, exist)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

प्रेत्य (pretya) - after dying, having died

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From pra-i (to go forth, die)

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

मे (me) - my (great-grandfathers) (my, to me, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Enclitic form

प्रपितामहाः (prapitāmahāḥ) - great-grandfathers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prapitāmaha

prapitāmaha - great-grandfather

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pra+pitāmaha)

• pra – before, forward, very
  indeclinable
• pitāmaha – grandfather
  noun (masculine)

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