वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-88, verse-13

जलप्रपातैरुद्भेदैर्निष्यन्दैश्च क्व चित् क्व चित् ।
स्रवद्भिर्भात्ययं शैलः स्रवन्मद इव द्विपः ॥१३॥

13. jalaprapātairudbhedairniṣyandaiśca kva cit kva cit ,
sravadbhirbhātyayaṃ śailaḥ sravanmada iva dvipaḥ.

13. jalaprapātaiḥ udbhedaiḥ niṣyandaiḥ ca kva cit kva cit
sravadbhiḥ bhāti ayam śailaḥ sravanmadaḥ iva dvipaḥ

13. ayam śailaḥ jalaprapātaiḥ udbhedaiḥ ca niṣyandaiḥ kva
cit kva cit sravadbhiḥ sravanmadaḥ dvipaḥ iva bhāti

13. This mountain looks splendid, with waterfalls, gushing springs, and trickles flowing here and there, just like an elephant with rut flowing.

Words meanings summery:

• जलप्रपातैः (jalaprapātaiḥ) - by waterfalls, by cascades

• उद्भेदैः (udbhedaiḥ) - by gushing springs (of water) (by gushing springs, by outbursts, by eruptions)

• निष्यन्दैः (niṣyandaiḥ) - by trickles of water (by trickles, by flows, by oozings)

• च (ca) - and, also

• क्व (kva) - where, somewhere

• चित् (cit) - used with 'kva' to mean 'here and there' (kva cit kva cit) (a particle indicating indefiniteness)

• क्व (kva) - where, somewhere

• चित् (cit) - used with 'kva' to mean 'here and there' (kva cit kva cit) (a particle indicating indefiniteness)

• स्रवद्भिः (sravadbhiḥ) - by (water) flowing (by flowing, by oozing)

• भाति (bhāti) - shines, appears, looks splendid

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• शैलः (śailaḥ) - mountain, hill

• स्रवन्मदः (sravanmadaḥ) - having rut flowing (as an elephant) (with rut flowing, having ichor flowing)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• द्विपः (dvipaḥ) - elephant

Words meanings and morphology

जलप्रपातैः (jalaprapātaiḥ) - by waterfalls, by cascades

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of jalaprapāta

jalaprapāta - waterfall, cascade

Compound of jala (water) and prapāta (fall)

Compound type : tatpurusha (jala+prapāta)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• prapāta – fall, descent, cascade
  noun (masculine)
  From pra-√pat (to fall down)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: pat (class 1)

उद्भेदैः (udbhedaiḥ) - by gushing springs (of water) (by gushing springs, by outbursts, by eruptions)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of udbheda

udbheda - outburst, eruption, gushing spring

From ut-√bhid (to burst forth)

Prefix: ud

Root: bhid (class 7)

निष्यन्दैः (niṣyandaiḥ) - by trickles of water (by trickles, by flows, by oozings)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niṣyanda

niṣyanda - trickle, flow, oozing

From nis-√syand (to flow forth)

Prefix: nis

Root: syand (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

क्व (kva) - where, somewhere

(indeclinable)

Locative of 'kim' (what/which)

चित् (cit) - used with 'kva' to mean 'here and there' (kva cit kva cit) (a particle indicating indefiniteness)

(indeclinable)

क्व (kva) - where, somewhere

(indeclinable)

Locative of 'kim' (what/which)

चित् (cit) - used with 'kva' to mean 'here and there' (kva cit kva cit) (a particle indicating indefiniteness)

(indeclinable)

स्रवद्भिः (sravadbhiḥ) - by (water) flowing (by flowing, by oozing)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sravat

sravat - flowing, oozing, dripping

Present Active Participle

From √sru (to flow)

Root: sru (class 1)

Note: Agrees with jalaprapātaiḥ, udbhedaiḥ, niṣyandaiḥ

भाति (bhāti) - shines, appears, looks splendid

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of bhā

Root: bhā (class 2)

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun

शैलः (śailaḥ) - mountain, hill

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaila

śaila - mountain, rock, hill

Derived from śilā (rock)

स्रवन्मदः (sravanmadaḥ) - having rut flowing (as an elephant) (with rut flowing, having ichor flowing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sravanmada

sravanmada - having ichor (rut) flowing

Compound of sravat (flowing) and mada (rut/ichor)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sravat+mada)

• sravat – flowing, oozing
  participle (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From √sru (to flow)
  Root: sru (class 1)
• mada – rut, ichor (from an elephant's temples), intoxication, passion
  noun (masculine)
  From √mad (to be exhilarated)
  Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Used as a comparison to the mountain

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

द्विपः (dvipaḥ) - elephant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvipa

dvipa - elephant (lit. 'two-drinker', referring to drinking with trunk or mouth)

Compound of dvi (two) and pa (drinker)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+pa)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• pa – drinker, protector
  noun (masculine)
  From √pā (to drink or protect)
  Root: pā (class 1)