वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-87, verse-10

मुञ्चन्ति कुसुमान्येते नगाः पर्वतसानुषु ।
नीला इवातपापाये तोयं तोयधरा घनाः ॥१०॥

10. muñcanti kusumānyete nagāḥ parvatasānuṣu ,
nīlā ivātapāpāye toyaṃ toyadharā ghanāḥ.

10. muñcanti kusumāni ete nagāḥ parvatasānuṣu
nīlāḥ iva atapāpāye toyam toyadharāḥ ghanāḥ

10. ete nagāḥ parvatasānuṣu kusumāni muñcanti atapāpāye
nīlāḥ ghanāḥ toyadharāḥ iva toyam (muñcanti)

10. These trees on the mountain peaks drop their flowers, just as dense, dark clouds release water at the end of the hot season.

Words meanings summery:

• मुञ्चन्ति (muñcanti) - they release, drop, let go

• कुसुमानि (kusumāni) - flowers

• एते (ete) - these (trees) (these)

• नगाः (nagāḥ) - trees (lit. 'non-moving') (trees, mountains)

• पर्वतसानुषु (parvatasānuṣu) - on the mountain peaks

• नीलाः (nīlāḥ) - dark (describing clouds) (dark, blue)

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• अतपापाये (atapāpāye) - at the end of the hot season / sunshine

• तोयम् (toyam) - water

• तोयधराः (toyadharāḥ) - clouds (lit. 'water-bearers') (cloud-bearers, clouds)

• घनाः (ghanāḥ) - dense (describing clouds) (dense, thick)

Words meanings and morphology

मुञ्चन्ति (muñcanti) - they release, drop, let go

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of muc

Root: muc (class 6)

कुसुमानि (kusumāni) - flowers

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of kusuma

kusuma - flower, blossom

एते (ete) - these (trees) (these)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etas

etas - this, these

नगाः (nagāḥ) - trees (lit. 'non-moving') (trees, mountains)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of naga

naga - tree, mountain (lit. 'that which does not move')

From 'na' (not) + 'ga' (moving)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+ga)

• na – not, no
  indeclinable
• ga – going, moving, moving on
  adjective
  Derived from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

पर्वतसानुषु (parvatasānuṣu) - on the mountain peaks

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of parvatasānu

parvatasānu - mountain peak, mountain plateau

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (parvata+sānu)

• parvata – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• sānu – peak, summit, ridge, plateau
  noun (masculine)

नीलाः (nīlāḥ) - dark (describing clouds) (dark, blue)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nīla

nīla - dark blue, indigo, dark-colored

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

अतपापाये (atapāpāye) - at the end of the hot season / sunshine

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of atapāpāya

atapāpāya - end of the sunshine/heat, end of summer

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (atapa+apāya)

• atapa – sunshine, heat, warmth
  noun (masculine)
• apāya – end, departure, removal, destruction
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'apa-i' (to go away)
  Prefix: apa
  Root: i (class 2)

तोयम् (toyam) - water

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of toya

toya - water

तोयधराः (toyadharāḥ) - clouds (lit. 'water-bearers') (cloud-bearers, clouds)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of toyadhara

toyadhara - cloud (lit. 'water-bearer')

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (toya+dhara)

• toya – water
  noun (neuter)
• dhara – bearing, holding, supporting
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective from root dhṛ
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

घनाः (ghanāḥ) - dense (describing clouds) (dense, thick)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ghana

ghana - dense, thick, solid; a cloud

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