वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-61, verse-1

व्यतीतायां तु शर्वर्यामादित्यस्योदये ततः ।
समेत्य राजकर्तारः सभामीयुर्द्विजातयः ॥१॥

1. vyatītāyāṃ tu śarvaryāmādityasyodaye tataḥ ,
sametya rājakartāraḥ sabhāmīyurdvijātayaḥ.

1. vyatītāyām tu śarvaryām ādityasya udaye tataḥ
sametya rājakartāraḥ sabhām īyuḥ dvijātayaḥ

1. vyatītāyām tu śarvaryām ādityasya udaye tataḥ
rājakartāraḥ dvijātayaḥ sametya sabhām īyuḥ

1. After that night had passed and the sun had risen, the twice-born (dvijātayaḥ) who appoint kings assembled and entered the council hall.

Words meanings summery:

• व्यतीतायाम् (vyatītāyām) - in the elapsed (night) (in the passed, in the elapsed)

• तु (tu) - and (but, indeed, however, and)

• शर्वर्याम् (śarvaryām) - in the night

• आदित्यस्य (ādityasya) - of the sun (of the sun, of Aditya)

• उदये (udaye) - at the rising (of the sun) (at the rising, at the appearance)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thence, from that)

• समेत्य (sametya) - having assembled (having come together, having met)

• राजकर्तारः (rājakartāraḥ) - those who appoint kings (king-makers, those who appoint kings)

• सभाम् (sabhām) - to the council hall (to the assembly, to the council hall)

• ईयुः (īyuḥ) - they entered (they went)

• द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - the twice-born (Brahmins) (twice-born (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas))

Words meanings and morphology

व्यतीतायाम् (vyatītāyām) - in the elapsed (night) (in the passed, in the elapsed)

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of vyatīta

vyatīta - passed, elapsed, gone by

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'i' (to go) with upasargas 'vi' and 'ati'.

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'śarvaryām'.

तु (tu) - and (but, indeed, however, and)

(indeclinable)

शर्वर्याम् (śarvaryām) - in the night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of śarvarī

śarvarī - night

आदित्यस्य (ādityasya) - of the sun (of the sun, of Aditya)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of āditya

āditya - the sun, a descendant of Aditi

From Aditi + -ya (patronymic suffix)

उदये (udaye) - at the rising (of the sun) (at the rising, at the appearance)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of udaya

udaya - rising, ascent, prosperity, growth

Derived from root 'i' (to go) with upasarga 'ud'.

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thence, from that)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' (that) with the suffix '-tas'.

समेत्य (sametya) - having assembled (having come together, having met)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'i' (to go) with upasarga 'sam', and suffix '-ya'.

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

राजकर्तारः (rājakartāraḥ) - those who appoint kings (king-makers, those who appoint kings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājakartṛ

rājakartṛ - king-maker, creator of a king

Agent noun from 'kṛ' (to do) preceded by 'rājan'

Agent noun from kṛ (to do)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+kartṛ)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• kartṛ – maker, doer, agent
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of 'īyuḥ'.

सभाम् (sabhām) - to the council hall (to the assembly, to the council hall)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, council, court, meeting hall

Root: bhā (class 1)

Note: Object of motion for 'īyuḥ'.

ईयुः (īyuḥ) - they entered (they went)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of i

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural

From root 'i' (to go).

Root: i (class 2)

द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - the twice-born (Brahmins) (twice-born (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born (members of the first three social classes: Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya; also a bird, a tooth)

From 'dvi' (twice) and 'jāti' (birth).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two, twice
  numeral
• jāti – birth, origin, species, class
  noun (feminine)
  From root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'īyuḥ' (along with 'rājakartāraḥ' implicitly referring to them).

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