वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-6, verse-9

कृतोपवासं तु तदा वैदेह्या सह राघवम् ।
अयोध्या निलयः श्रुत्वा सर्वः प्रमुदितो जनः ॥९॥

9. kṛtopavāsaṃ tu tadā vaidehyā saha rāghavam ,
ayodhyā nilayaḥ śrutvā sarvaḥ pramudito janaḥ.

9. kṛtopavāsam tu tadā vaidehyā saha rāghavam
ayodhyā nilayaḥ śrutvā sarvaḥ pramuditaḥ janaḥ

9. tu tadā sarvaḥ janaḥ ayodhyā nilayaḥ śrutvā
rāghavam vaidehyā saha kṛtopavāsam pramuditaḥ

9. And then, upon hearing that Rama, along with Vaidehi (Sītā), had undertaken a fast, all the residents of Ayodhya became greatly delighted.

Words meanings summery:

• कृतोपवासम् (kṛtopavāsam) - one who has undertaken a fast, fasting

• तु (tu) - but, however, and, indeed

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• वैदेह्या (vaidehyā) - Referring to Sītā, daughter of the king of Videha. (with Vaidehi, by Vaidehi)

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• राघवम् (rāghavam) - Referring to the hero Rama. (Rama)

• अयोध्या (ayodhyā) - The city of Ayodhya. (Ayodhya)

• निलयः (nilayaḥ) - Residents (of Ayodhya). (dwelling, abode, resident)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - all, every

• प्रमुदितः (pramuditaḥ) - delighted, gladdened, overjoyed

• जनः (janaḥ) - people, person

Words meanings and morphology

कृतोपवासम् (kṛtopavāsam) - one who has undertaken a fast, fasting

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtopavāsa

kṛtopavāsa - having undertaken a fast

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kṛta+upavāsa)

• kṛta – done, made
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• upavāsa – fast, fasting
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: upa

Note: Qualifies 'rāghavam'.

तु (tu) - but, however, and, indeed

(indeclinable)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

वैदेह्या (vaidehyā) - Referring to Sītā, daughter of the king of Videha. (with Vaidehi, by Vaidehi)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vaidehī

vaidehī - Princess of Videha, Sītā

Note: Used with 'saha'.

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

राघवम् (rāghavam) - Referring to the hero Rama. (Rama)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rama

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

अयोध्या (ayodhyā) - The city of Ayodhya. (Ayodhya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ayodhyā

ayodhyā - Ayodhya (name of a city)

Note: In apposition with 'nilayaḥ' or describing it.

निलयः (nilayaḥ) - Residents (of Ayodhya). (dwelling, abode, resident)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nilaya

nilaya - dwelling, abode, resident

Prefix: ni

Root: lī (class 4)

Note: Refers to the dwellers. Qualifies 'janaḥ' by defining what kind of 'janaḥ' (people).

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

formed with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Qualifies 'janaḥ'.

प्रमुदितः (pramuditaḥ) - delighted, gladdened, overjoyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pramudita

pramudita - delighted, gladdened, overjoyed

Past Passive Participle

from root 'mud' (to rejoice) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: mud (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'janaḥ'.

जनः (janaḥ) - people, person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jana

jana - person, people, man

Note: Subject of the sentence (implied 'was').

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