वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-6, verse-2

प्रगृह्य शिरसा पात्रीं हविषो विधिवत्तदा ।
महते दैवतायाज्यं जुहाव ज्वलिते ऽनले ॥२॥

2. pragṛhya śirasā pātrīṃ haviṣo vidhivattadā ,
mahate daivatāyājyaṃ juhāva jvalite'nale.

2. pragṛhya śirasā pātrīm haviṣaḥ vidhivat tadā
mahate devatāya ājyam juhāva jvalite anale

2. tadā śirasā haviṣaḥ pātrīm pragṛhya vidhivat
jvalite anale mahate devatāya ājyam juhāva

2. Then, reverently holding the oblation vessel on his head and following the prescribed rites, he offered ghee into the blazing fire for the great deity.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रगृह्य (pragṛhya) - having taken, holding

• शिरसा (śirasā) - reverently (holding something on the head signifies respect) (by the head, with the head)

• पात्रीम् (pātrīm) - oblation vessel (vessel, bowl)

• हविषः (haviṣaḥ) - of the oblation, of the offering

• विधिवत् (vidhivat) - according to rule/ritual, properly

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• महते (mahate) - to the great

• देवताय (devatāya) - To Narayana (Viṣṇu), as per previous verse (to the deity)

• आज्यम् (ājyam) - ghee, clarified butter

• जुहाव (juhāva) - offered, sacrificed

• ज्वलिते (jvalite) - burning, blazing

• अनले (anale) - in the fire

Words meanings and morphology

प्रगृह्य (pragṛhya) - having taken, holding

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From pra + gṛh + lyap (ya) affix.

Prefix: pra

Root: gṛh (class 9)

Note: Describes the action preceding the main verb 'juhāva'.

शिरसा (śirasā) - reverently (holding something on the head signifies respect) (by the head, with the head)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, skull

Note: Indicates the means or manner of holding.

पात्रीम् (pātrīm) - oblation vessel (vessel, bowl)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pātrī

pātrī - vessel, cup, bowl (feminine form of pātra)

Feminine form of pātra (vessel), derived from root pā (to drink/protect).

Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Object of the absolutive 'pragṛhya'.

हविषः (haviṣaḥ) - of the oblation, of the offering

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of havis

havis - oblation, offering (especially of ghee or grain)

From root hu (to offer).

Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'pātrīm', meaning 'the vessel containing the oblation'.

विधिवत् (vidhivat) - according to rule/ritual, properly

(indeclinable)

From vidhi (rule, ordinance) + vat (adverbial affix).

Note: Modifies the act of offering or holding.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem tad + dā (adverbial affix).

महते (mahate) - to the great

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, mighty

देवताय (devatāya) - To Narayana (Viṣṇu), as per previous verse (to the deity)

(noun)

Dative, feminine, singular of devatā

devatā - deity, divinity, godhead

From deva (god) + tā (taddhita affix for abstract noun).

Note: Recipient of the offering, referring to Narayana (nārāyaṇa).

आज्यम् (ājyam) - ghee, clarified butter

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ājya

ājya - ghee, clarified butter (used in oblations)

From root aj (to drive, propel, also implies 'to offer') or derived from aj + ya.

Root: aj (class 1)

Note: Direct object of the verb 'juhāva'.

जुहाव (juhāva) - offered, sacrificed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Liṭ) of hu

Perfect tense

Reduplicated perfect form (Liṭ) of root hu.

Root: hu (class 3)

ज्वलिते (jvalite) - burning, blazing

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of jvalita

jvalita - burning, blazing, ignited

Past Passive Participle

From root jval + kta (ta) affix.

Root: jval (class 1)

अनले (anale) - in the fire

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of anala

anala - fire (lit. not wind/breath, referring to its independence), Agni

From a (not) + anila (wind/breath), or from an + al (to burn).

Note: Location where the offering is made.