वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-6, verse-3

शेषं च हविषस्तस्य प्राश्याशास्यात्मनः प्रियम् ।
ध्यायन्नारायणं देवं स्वास्तीर्णे कुशसंस्तरे ॥३॥

3. śeṣaṃ ca haviṣastasya prāśyāśāsyātmanaḥ priyam ,
dhyāyannārāyaṇaṃ devaṃ svāstīrṇe kuśasaṃstare.

3. śeṣam ca haviṣaḥ tasya prāśya āśāsya ātmanaḥ priyam
dhyāyan nārāyaṇam devam svāstīrṇe kuśasaṃstare

3. ca tasya haviṣaḥ śeṣam prāśya ātmanaḥ priyam āśāsya
svāstīrṇe kuśasaṃstare nārāyaṇam devam dhyāyan

3. And having partaken of the remainder of that oblation, and having desired what was dear to his self (ātman), he sat meditating on the god Narayana (nārāyaṇa) upon his well-spread kusha-grass mat.

Words meanings summery:

• शेषम् (śeṣam) - remainder, residue

• च (ca) - and

• हविषः (haviṣaḥ) - of the oblation

• तस्य (tasya) - of that, its

• प्राश्य (prāśya) - having eaten, having partaken

• आशास्य (āśāsya) - having desired, having wished for

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - for himself (for the self, of the self (ātman))

• प्रियम् (priyam) - what was desired, his desire (dear, beloved, pleasing thing)

• ध्यायन् (dhyāyan) - meditating, contemplating

• नारायणम् (nārāyaṇam) - The deity Vishnu (Narayana)

• देवम् (devam) - god, deity

• स्वास्तीर्णे (svāstīrṇe) - on the well-spread

• कुशसंस्तरे (kuśasaṁstare) - on the kusha-grass mat

Words meanings and morphology

शेषम् (śeṣam) - remainder, residue

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śeṣa

śeṣa - remainder, residue, what is left

From root śiṣ (to leave remaining) + a (affix).

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Object of 'prāśya'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

हविषः (haviṣaḥ) - of the oblation

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of havis

havis - oblation, offering

From root hu (to offer).

Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'śeṣam', 'remainder of the oblation'.

तस्य (tasya) - of that, its

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Agrees with 'haviṣaḥ'.

प्राश्य (prāśya) - having eaten, having partaken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From pra + aś + lyap (ya) affix.

Prefix: pra

Root: aś (class 9)

Note: Describes the action preceding meditation.

आशास्य (āśāsya) - having desired, having wished for

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From ā + śās + lyap (ya) affix.

Prefix: ā

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Describes an action preceding meditation.

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - for himself (for the self, of the self (ātman))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual essence, life principle

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Used with 'priyam' to mean 'dear to his self'.

प्रियम् (priyam) - what was desired, his desire (dear, beloved, pleasing thing)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing, desired; a dear thing/person

From root prī (to please).

Root: prī (class 9)

ध्यायन् (dhyāyan) - meditating, contemplating

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhyāyat

dhyāyat - meditating, contemplating

Present Active Participle

From root dhyai + śatṛ affix.

Root: dhyai (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied subject (Rama), describing his state/action.

नारायणम् (nārāyaṇam) - The deity Vishnu (Narayana)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nārāyaṇa

nārāyaṇa - Narayana (a name of Vishnu)

Compound from nāra (men, waters) + ayana (path, resting place).

Compound type : Tatpurusha or Bahuvrīhi (nāra+ayana)

• nāra – men (pl. of nṛ); water
  noun (masculine)
  From nṛ (man) + aṇ (taddhita) or nāra (water)
• ayana – going, path, course, resting place, support
  noun (neuter)
  From root i (to go) + lyuṭ (ana) affix.
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Object of 'dhyāyan'.

देवम् (devam) - god, deity

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

From root div (to shine).

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Appositive to 'nārāyaṇam'.

स्वास्तीर्णे (svāstīrṇe) - on the well-spread

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of svāstīrṇa

svāstīrṇa - well-spread, properly spread

Past Passive Participle

From su + ā + stṛ + kta (ta) affix.

Prefixes: su+ā

Root: stṛ (class 5)

कुशसंस्तरे (kuśasaṁstare) - on the kusha-grass mat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kuśasaṃstara

kuśasaṁstara - mat of kusha grass, bed of kusha grass

Compound

Compound type : Tatpurusha (kuśa+saṃstara)

• kuśa – kusha grass (Poa cynosuroides), sacred grass
  noun (masculine)
• saṃstara – bed, mat, couch, layer, cushion
  noun (masculine)
  From sam + stṛ + a (ghañ) affix.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: stṛ (class 5)

Note: Indicates the location of meditation.

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