वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-50, verse-3

स सुप्तः समये भ्रात्रा लक्ष्मणः प्रतिबोधितः ।
जहौ निद्रां च तन्द्रीं च प्रसक्तं च पथि श्रमम् ॥३॥

3. sa suptaḥ samaye bhrātrā lakṣmaṇaḥ pratibodhitaḥ ,
jahau nidrāṃ ca tandrīṃ ca prasaktaṃ ca pathi śramam.

3. saḥ suptaḥ samaye bhrātrā lakṣmaṇaḥ pratibodhitaḥ
jahau nidrām ca tandrīm ca prasaktam ca pathi śramam

3. saḥ lakṣmaṇaḥ suptaḥ samaye bhrātrā pratibodhitaḥ
nidrām ca tandrīm ca pathi prasaktam śramam ca jahau

3. Lakshmana, who had been sleeping, was awakened in due time by his brother. He then cast off his sleep and drowsiness, as well as the persistent fatigue from the journey.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Lakshmana) (he, that)

• सुप्तः (suptaḥ) - who had been sleeping (slept, asleep)

• समये (samaye) - in due time (at the right time, in due course)

• भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - by his brother (Rama) (by the brother)

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana

• प्रतिबोधितः (pratibodhitaḥ) - was awakened (awakened, made to know)

• जहौ (jahau) - he cast off (he abandoned, he gave up, he left)

• निद्राम् (nidrām) - sleep

• च (ca) - and

• तन्द्रीम् (tandrīm) - drowsiness (languor, drowsiness, fatigue)

• च (ca) - and

• प्रसक्तम् (prasaktam) - persistent (attached, continuous, persistent)

• च (ca) - as well as (and)

• पथि (pathi) - from the journey (on the path, on the way, during the journey)

• श्रमम् (śramam) - fatigue (fatigue, weariness, exertion)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Lakshmana) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine, singular, nominative.

सुप्तः (suptaḥ) - who had been sleeping (slept, asleep)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of supta

supta - slept, asleep

Past Passive Participle

From root `svap` (2P) 'to sleep'.

Root: svap (class 2)

समये (samaye) - in due time (at the right time, in due course)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samaya

samaya - time, appointed time, opportunity

From root `i` (2P) with prefix `sam` + suffix `aya`.

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - by his brother (Rama) (by the brother)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Refers to Rama.

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (name of the son of Sumitrā and brother of Rāma)

प्रतिबोधितः (pratibodhitaḥ) - was awakened (awakened, made to know)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratibodhita

pratibodhita - awakened, made to know, roused

Past Passive Participle

From root `budh` (1P, 4A) 'to awaken, know' with prefix `prati`.

Prefix: prati

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Functions as a finite verb in this passive construction.

जहौ (jahau) - he cast off (he abandoned, he gave up, he left)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of hā

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root `hā` (3P, 2P). Reduplicated perfect.

Root: hā (class 3)

निद्राम् (nidrām) - sleep

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nidrā

nidrā - sleep, slumber

From root `drā` (2P) 'to sleep' with prefix `ni`.

Prefix: ni

Root: drā (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

तन्द्रीम् (tandrīm) - drowsiness (languor, drowsiness, fatigue)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tandrī

tandrī - languor, weariness, drowsiness, sloth

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

प्रसक्तम् (prasaktam) - persistent (attached, continuous, persistent)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prasakta

prasakta - attached to, devoted to, continuous, persistent

Past Passive Participle

From root `sañj` (1P) 'to cling to, attach' with prefix `pra`.

Prefix: pra

Root: sañj (class 1)

च (ca) - as well as (and)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

पथि (pathi) - from the journey (on the path, on the way, during the journey)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pathin

pathin - path, road, way, journey

`n`-stem noun.

Note: Used to specify the source/context of fatigue.

श्रमम् (śramam) - fatigue (fatigue, weariness, exertion)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śrama

śrama - fatigue, weariness, exertion, toil

From root `śram` (4P) 'to be weary'.

Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Object of `jahau`.