वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-50, verse-2

सौमित्रे शृणु वन्यानां वल्गु व्याहरतां स्वनम् ।
संप्रतिष्ठामहे कालः प्रस्थानस्य परंतप ॥२॥

2. saumitre śṛṇu vanyānāṃ valgu vyāharatāṃ svanam ,
saṃpratiṣṭhāmahe kālaḥ prasthānasya paraṃtapa.

2. saumitre śṛṇu vanyānām valgu vyāharatām svanam
sampratiṣṭhāmahe kālaḥ prasthānasya parantapa

2. saumitre parantapa vanyānām valgu vyāharatām
svanam śṛṇu kālaḥ prasthānasya sampratiṣṭhāmahe

2. O Saumitra, listen to the sweet sounds of the forest creatures calling out. O scorcher of foes (parantapa), it is time for our departure; we must set forth.

Words meanings summery:

• सौमित्रे (saumitre) - O Saumitra (Lakshmana) (O son of Sumitra (Lakshmana))

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen (listen, hear)

• वन्यानाम् (vanyānām) - of the forest creatures (of the forest creatures, of the wild (things))

• वल्गु (valgu) - sweetly (sweetly, beautifully, agreeably)

• व्याहरताम् (vyāharatām) - calling out (chirping) (speaking, chirping, calling out (of those who are speaking))

• स्वनम् (svanam) - sound (sound, noise, cry)

• संप्रतिष्ठामहे (saṁpratiṣṭhāmahe) - we must set forth (we shall set out, we shall stand forth)

• कालः (kālaḥ) - (it is) time (time, season)

• प्रस्थानस्य (prasthānasya) - for departure (of departure, for setting forth)

• परन्तप (parantapa) - O scorcher of foes

Words meanings and morphology

सौमित्रे (saumitre) - O Saumitra (Lakshmana) (O son of Sumitra (Lakshmana))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saumitra

saumitra - son of Sumitra, descendant of Sumitra (an epithet for Lakshmana)

Patronymic from `sumitrā`.

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen (listen, hear)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative, 2nd person singular

Root `śru` (5P).

Root: śru (class 5)

वन्यानाम् (vanyānām) - of the forest creatures (of the forest creatures, of the wild (things))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vanya

vanya - wild, belonging to the forest, forest animal

From `vana` (forest) + suffix `ya`.

Note: Genitive plural, referring to 'forest dwellers.'

वल्गु (valgu) - sweetly (sweetly, beautifully, agreeably)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

व्याहरताम् (vyāharatām) - calling out (chirping) (speaking, chirping, calling out (of those who are speaking))

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vyāharat

vyāharat - speaking, uttering, chirping

Present Active Participle

From root `hṛ` (1P) 'to take, carry' with prefixes `vi` and `ā`.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

स्वनम् (svanam) - sound (sound, noise, cry)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svana

svana - sound, noise, roar, cry

From root `svan` (1P) 'to sound'.

Root: svan (class 1)

संप्रतिष्ठामहे (saṁpratiṣṭhāmahe) - we must set forth (we shall set out, we shall stand forth)

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of sthā

Present tense, 1st person plural (ātmanepada)

From root `sthā` (1P) 'to stand' with prefixes `sam` and `prati`. Here implying 'to set out'.

Prefixes: sam+prati

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Used in a future sense in context.

कालः (kālaḥ) - (it is) time (time, season)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season, right moment

प्रस्थानस्य (prasthānasya) - for departure (of departure, for setting forth)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of prasthāna

prasthāna - setting forth, departure, journey

From root `sthā` (1P) 'to stand' with prefix `pra` + suffix `ana`.

Prefix: pra

Root: sthā (class 1)

परन्तप (parantapa) - O scorcher of foes

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of parantapa

parantapa - scorcher of foes, tormentor of enemies (an epithet, often for princes/warriors)

Compound: `para` (enemy) + `tapa` (causing heat/pain). Formed from root `tap` (1P) 'to heat, torment'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+tapa)

• para – other, hostile, enemy
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – causing heat, tormenting, asceticism (tapas)
  noun/adjective (masculine)
  From root `tap` (1P) 'to heat, torment'.
  Root: tap (class 1)