वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-53, verse-3

परित्यक्ता वसिष्ठेन किमहं सुमहात्मना ।
याहं राजभृतैर्दीना ह्रियेयं भृशदुःखिता ॥३॥

3. parityaktā vasiṣṭhena kimahaṃ sumahātmanā ,
yāhaṃ rājabhṛtairdīnā hriyeyaṃ bhṛśaduḥkhitā.

3. parityaktā vasiṣṭhena kim aham sumahātmanā yā
aham rājabhṛtaiḥ dīnā hriyeyam bhṛśaduḥkhitā

3. aham su-mahātmanā vasiṣṭhena kim parityaktā yā
aham dīnā bhṛśa-duḥkhitā rāja-bhṛtaiḥ hriyeyam

3. Why have I been abandoned by the very great-souled Vasiṣṭha, such that I, helpless and deeply distressed, am now being carried off by royal servants?

Words meanings summery:

• परित्यक्ता (parityaktā) - abandoned (abandoned, forsaken, given up)

• वसिष्ठेन (vasiṣṭhena) - by the sage Vasiṣṭha (by Vasiṣṭha)

• किम् (kim) - why (why, what, how)

• अहम् (aham) - I (the cow) (I)

• सुमहात्मना (sumahātmanā) - by the very great-souled (Vasiṣṭha) (by the very great-souled one, by the highly noble one)

• या (yā) - who (referring to the cow) (who, which (feminine))

• अहम् (aham) - I (the cow) (I)

• राजभृतैः (rājabhṛtaiḥ) - by royal servants (by royal servants/soldiers)

• दीना (dīnā) - helpless (distressed, miserable, helpless, sorrowful)

• ह्रियेयम् (hriyeyam) - I am being carried off (I may be carried, I am being carried, I should be carried)

• भृशदुःखिता (bhṛśaduḥkhitā) - deeply distressed (greatly distressed, deeply sorrowful, very much pained)

Words meanings and morphology

परित्यक्ता (parityaktā) - abandoned (abandoned, forsaken, given up)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of parityakta

parityakta - abandoned, forsaken, given up

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root tyaj (to abandon) with prefixes pari- and ā-

Prefixes: pari+ā

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Refers to the cow.

वसिष्ठेन (vasiṣṭhena) - by the sage Vasiṣṭha (by Vasiṣṭha)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha

vasiṣṭha - Vasiṣṭha (a proper noun, name of a celebrated Vedic sage); most excellent, best (superlative of vasu)

किम् (kim) - why (why, what, how)

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative particle.

अहम् (aham) - I (the cow) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Refers to the cow Nandini.

सुमहात्मना (sumahātmanā) - by the very great-souled (Vasiṣṭha) (by the very great-souled one, by the highly noble one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sumahātman

sumahātman - very great-souled, highly noble, extremely magnanimous

Compound of su- (very) and mahātman (great-souled)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahātman)

• su – good, well, excellent, very
  indeclinable
  prefix
• mahātman – great-souled, noble, magnanimous, great self (ātman)
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound of mahā (great) and ātman (soul)

Note: Agrees with Vasiṣṭhena.

या (yā) - who (referring to the cow) (who, which (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Agrees with aham (the cow).

अहम् (aham) - I (the cow) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Used again for emphasis with the relative pronoun.

राजभृतैः (rājabhṛtaiḥ) - by royal servants (by royal servants/soldiers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rājabhṛta

rājabhṛta - royal servant, king's soldier, one supported by the king

Compound of rāja (king) and bhṛta (supported, servant)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rājan+bhṛta)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• bhṛta – supported, maintained, servant, soldier
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhṛ (to bear, support)
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)

दीना (dīnā) - helpless (distressed, miserable, helpless, sorrowful)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dīna

dīna - distressed, miserable, helpless, sorrowful, wretched

Note: Agrees with aham (the cow).

ह्रियेयम् (hriyeyam) - I am being carried off (I may be carried, I am being carried, I should be carried)

(verb)

1st person , singular, passive, optative/potential (vidhi-liṅ) of hṛ

Optative/Potential, First Person, Singular, Passive Voice

Root hṛ (class 1), passive stem hriya- + optative ending -īya + 1st singular -am

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: The meaning here is descriptive of an ongoing action in a lament.

भृशदुःखिता (bhṛśaduḥkhitā) - deeply distressed (greatly distressed, deeply sorrowful, very much pained)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhṛśaduḥkhita

bhṛśaduḥkhita - greatly distressed, deeply sorrowful, very much pained

Compound of bhṛśa (very, greatly) and duḥkhita (distressed)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhṛśa+duḥkhita)

• bhṛśa – much, exceedingly, greatly, intense
  indeclinable
• duḥkhita – distressed, pained, sorrowful
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root duḥkh (to suffer)
  Root: duḥkh

Note: Agrees with aham (the cow).