वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-46, verse-20

सुमतिस्तु महातेजा विश्वामित्रमुपागतम् ।
श्रुत्वा नरवरश्रेष्ठः प्रत्युद्गच्छन्महायशाः ॥२०॥

20. sumatistu mahātejā viśvāmitramupāgatam ,
śrutvā naravaraśreṣṭhaḥ pratyudgacchanmahāyaśāḥ.

20. sumatiḥ tu mahātejāḥ viśvāmitram upāgatam śrutvā
naravaraśreṣṭhaḥ pratyudgacchan mahāyaśāḥ

20. tu mahāyaśāḥ naravaraśreṣṭhaḥ sumatiḥ
viśvāmitram upāgatam śrutvā pratyudgacchan

20. But the very glorious Sumati, that best among excellent men, upon hearing that Viśvāmitra had arrived, went forth to meet him.

Words meanings summery:

• सुमतिः (sumatiḥ) - Sumati (the king of Viśālā) (Sumati (a proper name); good-minded, benevolent)

• तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, however)

• महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - very glorious (of great splendor, very brilliant, glorious)

• विश्वामित्रम् (viśvāmitram) - the sage Viśvāmitra (Viśvāmitra (a proper name, a famous sage))

• उपागतम् (upāgatam) - having approached / arrived (arrived, approached, come near)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• नरवरश्रेष्ठः (naravaraśreṣṭhaḥ) - that best among excellent men (best among excellent men)

• प्रत्युद्गच्छन् (pratyudgacchan) - going forth to meet him (going forth to meet, welcoming)

• महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - very famous/glorious (of great fame, very famous, glorious)

Words meanings and morphology

सुमतिः (sumatiḥ) - Sumati (the king of Viśālā) (Sumati (a proper name); good-minded, benevolent)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumati

sumati - Sumati (proper name), good-minded, benevolent

तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, however)

(indeclinable)

महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - very glorious (of great splendor, very brilliant, glorious)

(compound adjective)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+tejas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• tejas – splendor, brilliance, energy, power, majesty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'Sumatiḥ'.

विश्वामित्रम् (viśvāmitram) - the sage Viśvāmitra (Viśvāmitra (a proper name, a famous sage))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - Viśvāmitra (proper name, 'friend of all')

उपागतम् (upāgatam) - having approached / arrived (arrived, approached, come near)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upāgata

upāgata - arrived, approached, come near

Past Passive Participle

Derived from prefix 'upa' + 'ā' + root 'gam' (to go).

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used here adjectivally to describe the state of Viśvāmitra.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form from root 'śru' (class 5, parasmāipada).

Root: śru (class 5)

नरवरश्रेष्ठः (naravaraśreṣṭhaḥ) - that best among excellent men (best among excellent men)

(compound noun)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+vara+śreṣṭha)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• vara – excellent, best, choice
  adjective (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of 'praśasya'.

Note: Agrees with 'Sumatiḥ'.

प्रत्युद्गच्छन् (pratyudgacchan) - going forth to meet him (going forth to meet, welcoming)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratyudgacchat

pratyudgacchat - going forth to meet, welcoming, advancing to meet

Present Active Participle

Derived from prefix 'prati' + 'ud' + root 'gam' (to go).

Prefixes: prati+ud

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used here adjectivally, describing Sumati's action.

महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - very famous/glorious (of great fame, very famous, glorious)

(compound adjective)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+yaśas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• yaśas – fame, glory, renown
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'Sumatiḥ'.