वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-29, verse-6

उपासां चक्रतुर्वीरौ यत्तौ परमधन्विनौ ।
ररक्षतुर्मुनिवरं विश्वामित्रमरिंदमौ ॥६॥

6. upāsāṃ cakraturvīrau yattau paramadhanvinau ,
rarakṣaturmunivaraṃ viśvāmitramariṃdamau.

6. upāsām cakratuḥ vīrau yattau paramadhanvinau
rarakṣatuḥ munivaram viśvāmitram arindamau

6. vīrau yattau paramadhanvinau arindamau
munivaram viśvāmitram upāsām cakratuḥ rarakṣatuḥ

6. The two heroic, attentive, and supreme archers, those subduers of foes, attended upon and protected the best of sages, Vishvamitra.

Words meanings summery:

• उपासाम् (upāsām) - service, attendance (service, worship, attendance (part of periphrastic perfect))

• चक्रतुः (cakratuḥ) - they two rendered (service) (they two did, they two made, they two performed)

• वीरौ (vīrau) - Rama and Lakshmana, the two heroes (two heroes)

• यत्तौ (yattau) - attentive, alert (attentive, diligent, prepared, restrained)

• परमधन्विनौ (paramadhanvinau) - two supreme archers

• ररक्षतुः (rarakṣatuḥ) - they two protected

• मुनिवरम् (munivaram) - Vishvamitra, the best of sages (the best of sages)

• विश्वामित्रम् (viśvāmitram) - Vishvamitra (proper noun)

• अरिन्दमौ (arindamau) - Rama and Lakshmana, the subduers of foes (two subduers of foes)

Words meanings and morphology

उपासाम् (upāsām) - service, attendance (service, worship, attendance (part of periphrastic perfect))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of upāsā

upāsā - service, worship, attendance; sitting near

From upa-√ās (to sit near, attend)

Prefix: upa

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Accusative singular of upāsā, forming part of a periphrastic perfect with cakratuḥ.

चक्रतुः (cakratuḥ) - they two rendered (service) (they two did, they two made, they two performed)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect past (lit) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Third person dual perfect active of √kṛ (8th class). Forms a periphrastic perfect with upāsām.

वीरौ (vīrau) - Rama and Lakshmana, the two heroes (two heroes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

Note: Nominative dual of vīra

यत्तौ (yattau) - attentive, alert (attentive, diligent, prepared, restrained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of yatta

yatta - prepared, attentive, diligent, restrained, controlled

Past Passive Participle

PPP of ā-√yam, meaning 'controlled, prepared'. Here, 'attentive' or 'ready'.

Prefix: ā

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Nominative dual masculine of yatta, agreeing with vīrau

परमधन्विनौ (paramadhanvinau) - two supreme archers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of paramadhanvin

paramadhanvin - supreme archer, excellent bowman

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+dhanvin)

• parama – highest, supreme, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
• dhanvin – archer, bowman, possessing a bow
  noun (masculine)
  From dhanus (bow) + -vin (possessive suffix)

Note: Nominative dual masculine of paramadhanvin, agreeing with vīrau

ररक्षतुः (rarakṣatuḥ) - they two protected

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect past (lit) of rakṣ

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Third person dual perfect active of √rakṣ (1st class)

मुनिवरम् (munivaram) - Vishvamitra, the best of sages (the best of sages)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of munivara

munivara - the best sage, excellent ascetic

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (muni+vara)

• muni – sage, ascetic
  noun (masculine)
• vara – best, excellent, superior; boon
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Accusative singular of munivara

विश्वामित्रम् (viśvāmitram) - Vishvamitra (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - Vishvamitra (name of a famous sage)

Note: Accusative singular of Viśvāmitra

अरिन्दमौ (arindamau) - Rama and Lakshmana, the subduers of foes (two subduers of foes)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of arindama

arindama - subduer of enemies, enemy-tamer

Derived from 'ari' (enemy) and causative root 'dam' (to tame/subdue).

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (ari+dam)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• dama – taming, subduing
  noun (masculine)
  From √dam (to tame)
  Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Nominative dual masculine of arindama, agreeing with vīrau