मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-118, verse-5
राजोवाच ।
अपुत्रस्य सुतो मेऽस्तु सर्वशस्त्रभृतां वरः ।
सदा चाव्याहतैश्वर्यो धर्मकृद्धर्मवित्कृती ॥५॥
अपुत्रस्य सुतो मेऽस्तु सर्वशस्त्रभृतां वरः ।
सदा चाव्याहतैश्वर्यो धर्मकृद्धर्मवित्कृती ॥५॥
5. rājovāca .
aputrasya suto me'stu sarvaśastrabhṛtāṃ varaḥ .
sadā cāvyāhataiśvaryo dharmakṛddharmavitkṛtī.
aputrasya suto me'stu sarvaśastrabhṛtāṃ varaḥ .
sadā cāvyāhataiśvaryo dharmakṛddharmavitkṛtī.
5.
rājā uvāca aputrasya sutaḥ me astu sarvaśastrabhṛtām
varaḥ sadā ca avyāhataiśvaryaḥ dharmakṛt dharmavit kṛtī
varaḥ sadā ca avyāhataiśvaryaḥ dharmakṛt dharmavit kṛtī
5.
The king said, "Let me, who am childless, have a son who is the best among all weapon-bearers, always possessing unimpeded prosperity, a performer of duty (dharma), a knower of natural law (dharma), and accomplished."
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- राजा (rājā) - king
- उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke
- अपुत्रस्य (aputrasya) - of me, who is childless (of a childless one, of one without a son)
- सुतः (sutaḥ) - a son, a child
- मे (me) - to me, for me, my
- अस्तु (astu) - let there be, may it be
- सर्वशस्त्रभृताम् (sarvaśastrabhṛtām) - among all weapon-bearers, of all those who bear weapons
- वरः (varaḥ) - the best, excellent
- सदा (sadā) - always, ever, perpetually
- च (ca) - and
- अव्याहतैश्वर्यः (avyāhataiśvaryaḥ) - having unimpeded prosperity/sovereignty/power
- धर्मकृत् (dharmakṛt) - a performer of duty (dharma), one who acts righteously
- धर्मवित् (dharmavit) - a knower of natural law (dharma), one who understands righteousness
- कृती (kṛtī) - skilled, accomplished, successful
Words meanings and morphology
राजा (rājā) - king
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler
Root: rāj (class 1)
Note: Subject of `uvāca`.
उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac
Perfect tense (reduplicated)
Root: vac (class 2)
अपुत्रस्य (aputrasya) - of me, who is childless (of a childless one, of one without a son)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of aputra
aputra - childless, without a son
Negative compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa) of 'putra'.
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+putra)
- a – not, non-, without
indeclinable
Negative prefix. - putra – son, child
noun (masculine)
सुतः (sutaḥ) - a son, a child
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of suta
suta - son, child
Past Passive Participle, used as a noun
Past Passive Participle of √sū (to beget).
Root: sū (class 2)
Note: Subject of `astu`.
मे (me) - to me, for me, my
(pronoun)
Dative, singular of asmad
asmad - I, me
Note: 'Let there be a son for me.'
अस्तु (astu) - let there be, may it be
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of as
Imperative mood, Present tense
Root: as (class 2)
सर्वशस्त्रभृताम् (sarvaśastrabhṛtām) - among all weapon-bearers, of all those who bear weapons
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of sarvaśastrabhṛt
sarvaśastrabhṛt - all weapon-bearers, one who bears all weapons
Compound: `sarva` (all) + `śastra` (weapon) + `bhṛt` (bearer).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+śastra+bhṛt)
- sarva – all, every, whole
adjective - śastra – weapon, implement, tool
noun (neuter)
From √śaṃs (to cut).
Root: śaṃs (class 1) - bhṛt – bearer, supporter, one who carries
adjective (masculine)
Agent noun
From root √bhṛ (to bear, carry).
Root: bhṛ (class 1)
Note: Qualifies `varaḥ` (best).
वरः (varaḥ) - the best, excellent
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vara
vara - best, excellent, choicest, boon
From √vṛ (to choose).
Root: vṛ (class 9)
Note: Predicative adjective for the son.
सदा (sadā) - always, ever, perpetually
(indeclinable)
From pronoun `sa` (that) + suffix `dā` (time).
Note: Modifies the following adjectives.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects the attributes of the son.
अव्याहतैश्वर्यः (avyāhataiśvaryaḥ) - having unimpeded prosperity/sovereignty/power
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of avyāhataiśvarya
avyāhataiśvarya - having unimpeded power/sovereignty/prosperity
Bahuvrīhi compound: 'one whose sovereignty (aiśvarya) is unimpeded (avyāhata)'.
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+vyāhata+aiśvarya)
- a – not, non-, without
indeclinable
Negative prefix. - vyāhata – struck, hindered, impeded
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From vi + ā + √han (to strike, hit).
Prefixes: vi+ā
Root: han (class 2) - aiśvarya – sovereignty, power, prosperity, dominion
noun (neuter)
From īśvara (lord), with suffix -ya.
Note: Agrees with `sutaḥ`.
धर्मकृत् (dharmakṛt) - a performer of duty (dharma), one who acts righteously
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmakṛt
dharmakṛt - performer of duty/righteous acts
Compound: 'one who does dharma'. From dharma (duty, righteousness) + kṛt (doer).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+kṛt)
- dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue
noun (masculine)
From √dhṛ (to support, uphold).
Root: dhṛ (class 1) - kṛt – doer, maker, performer
adjective (masculine)
Agent noun
From root √kṛ (to do, make).
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Agrees with `sutaḥ`.
धर्मवित् (dharmavit) - a knower of natural law (dharma), one who understands righteousness
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmavit
dharmavit - knower of dharma/righteousness
Compound: 'one who knows dharma'. From dharma (duty, righteousness) + vit (knower).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+vit)
- dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue
noun (masculine)
From √dhṛ (to support, uphold).
Root: dhṛ (class 1) - vit – knowing, wise, expert, knower
adjective (masculine)
Agent noun
From root √vid (to know).
Root: vid (class 2)
Note: Agrees with `sutaḥ`.
कृती (kṛtī) - skilled, accomplished, successful
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtin
kṛtin - skilled, clever, accomplished, successful
From √kṛ (to do) with suffix -tin, meaning 'possessing activity' or 'having done well'.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Agrees with `sutaḥ`.