मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-118, verse-16
अपश्यमानः शरणं सबलो द्विजसत्तम ।
करौ मुखाग्रतः कृत्वा निशश्वासार्तमानसः ॥१६॥
करौ मुखाग्रतः कृत्वा निशश्वासार्तमानसः ॥१६॥
16. apaśyamānaḥ śaraṇaṃ sabalo dvijasattama .
karau mukhāgrataḥ kṛtvā niśaśvāsārtamānasaḥ.
karau mukhāgrataḥ kṛtvā niśaśvāsārtamānasaḥ.
16.
apaśyamānaḥ śaraṇaṃ sabalaḥ dvijasattama
karau mukhāgrataḥ kṛtvā niśaśvāsa ārtamānasaḥ
karau mukhāgrataḥ kṛtvā niśaśvāsa ārtamānasaḥ
16.
O best among brahmins (dvijasattama), unable to find any refuge, and accompanied by his forces, he sighed with a pained mind, holding his hands before his face.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अपश्यमानः (apaśyamānaḥ) - not seeing, unable to find, failing to perceive
- शरणं (śaraṇaṁ) - refuge, shelter, protection
- सबलः (sabalaḥ) - with his army, accompanied by forces
- द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best among brahmins (O best among the twice-born)
- करौ (karau) - two hands
- मुखाग्रतः (mukhāgrataḥ) - in front of the face, from the front of the face
- कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made, having done, having placed
- निशश्वास (niśaśvāsa) - he sighed, he breathed out
- आर्तमानसः (ārtamānasaḥ) - with a distressed mind, whose mind is pained
Words meanings and morphology
अपश्यमानः (apaśyamānaḥ) - not seeing, unable to find, failing to perceive
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of apaśyamāna
apaśyamāna - not seeing, unable to perceive
Present Middle Participle
Derived from the root 'dṛś' (to see) in the present stem ('paśya'), with negative prefix 'a-' and middle voice suffix.
Root: dṛś (class 1)
शरणं (śaraṇaṁ) - refuge, shelter, protection
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of śaraṇa
śaraṇa - refuge, shelter, protection, home
Root: śṛ
सबलः (sabalaḥ) - with his army, accompanied by forces
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sabala
sabala - accompanied by force, with an army, powerful
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+bala)
- sa – with, accompanied by
indeclinable - bala – strength, power, army, force
noun (neuter)
Note: Refers to the king.
द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best among brahmins (O best among the twice-born)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama
dvijasattama - best among the twice-born
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+sattama)
- dvija – twice-born (a brahmin, a bird, a snake, a tooth)
noun (masculine) - sattama – best, most excellent
adjective (masculine)
Superlative suffix 'tamaP'
करौ (karau) - two hands
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, dual of kara
kara - hand, ray, tax
Root: kṛ (class 8)
मुखाग्रतः (mukhāgrataḥ) - in front of the face, from the front of the face
(indeclinable)
Formed by adding the ablative/locative suffix 'tas' to the compound 'mukhāgra'.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mukha+agra)
- mukha – face, mouth, front
noun (neuter) - agra – front, tip, top
noun (neuter)
कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made, having done, having placed
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Derived from the root 'kṛ' (to do, make) with the suffix 'ktvā'.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
निशश्वास (niśaśvāsa) - he sighed, he breathed out
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of niśaśvāsa
Perfect Tense
3rd person singular perfect active of the root 'śvas' with upasarga 'ni'.
Prefix: nis
Root: śvas (class 2)
आर्तमानसः (ārtamānasaḥ) - with a distressed mind, whose mind is pained
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ārtamānasa
ārtamānasa - whose mind is afflicted/pained
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ārta+mānasa)
- ārta – distressed, afflicted, pained
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'ṛ' (to go, move) with prefix 'ā-' and past participle suffix 'kta'.
Prefix: ā
Root: ṛ (class 1) - mānasa – mind, mental
noun (neuter)
Root: man (class 4)
Note: Agrees with the implied subject (king).