मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-118, verse-13
स गृहीत्वा स्वकं राज्यं पृथिवीशो बलान्मुने ।
तस्थौ स्वनगरे भूपैर्विरोधो बहुभिः कृतः ॥१३॥
तस्थौ स्वनगरे भूपैर्विरोधो बहुभिः कृतः ॥१३॥
13. sa gṛhītvā svakaṃ rājyaṃ pṛthivīśo balānmune .
tasthau svanagare bhūpairvirodho bahubhiḥ kṛtaḥ.
tasthau svanagare bhūpairvirodho bahubhiḥ kṛtaḥ.
13.
sa gṛhītvā svakam rājyam pṛthivīśaḥ balāt mune
tasthau sva-nagare bhūpaiḥ virodhaḥ bahubhiḥ kṛtaḥ
tasthau sva-nagare bhūpaiḥ virodhaḥ bahubhiḥ kṛtaḥ
13.
O sage, that lord of the earth, having forcibly retaken his own kingdom, settled in his own capital. However, a conflict was initiated by many kings.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- स (sa) - the main king (who had lost his land) (he, that)
- गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having retaken, having re-seized (having taken, having seized)
- स्वकम् (svakam) - one's own, his own
- राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, realm, dominion
- पृथिवीशः (pṛthivīśaḥ) - lord of the earth, king
- बलात् (balāt) - by force, from strength
- मुने (mune) - O sage, O ascetic
- तस्थौ (tasthau) - he stood, he remained, he settled
- स्व-नगरे (sva-nagare) - in his own city, in his own capital
- भूपैः (bhūpaiḥ) - by kings, by rulers
- विरोधः (virodhaḥ) - a conflict, an act of hostility (opposition, conflict, hostility)
- बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many, by numerous
- कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - initiated, caused (done, made, created)
Words meanings and morphology
स (sa) - the main king (who had lost his land) (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, it, she
Note: Subject of 'tasthau'.
गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having retaken, having re-seized (having taken, having seized)
(indeclinable)
absolutive/gerund
From root grah with ktvā suffix.
Root: grah (class 9)
स्वकम् (svakam) - one's own, his own
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of svaka
svaka - one's own, self, related to oneself
Note: Agrees with 'rājyam'.
राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, realm, dominion
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya
rājya - kingdom, realm, dominion, sovereignty
Note: Object of 'gṛhītvā'.
पृथिवीशः (pṛthivīśaḥ) - lord of the earth, king
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pṛthivīśa
pṛthivīśa - lord of the earth, king, monarch
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pṛthivī+īśa)
- pṛthivī – earth, ground
noun (feminine) - īśa – lord, master, ruler
noun (masculine)
Note: Appositive to 'sa'.
बलात् (balāt) - by force, from strength
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of bala
bala - force, strength, power, army
Note: Used adverbially, indicating the manner of retaking the kingdom.
मुने (mune) - O sage, O ascetic
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of muni
muni - sage, ascetic, seer, saint
Note: An address to the listener, common in narrative texts.
तस्थौ (tasthau) - he stood, he remained, he settled
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of sthā
perfect tense
3rd person singular perfect active form.
Root: sthā (class 1)
स्व-नगरे (sva-nagare) - in his own city, in his own capital
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of sva-nagara
sva-nagara - one's own city, native city, capital
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+nagara)
- sva – own, one's own, self
pronoun (masculine) - nagara – city, town, capital
noun (neuter)
Note: Indicates the place where he remained.
भूपैः (bhūpaiḥ) - by kings, by rulers
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhūpa
bhūpa - king, protector of the earth, sovereign
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhū+pa)
- bhū – earth, ground
noun (feminine) - pa – protector, guardian
noun (masculine)
Root: pā (class 2)
Note: Agent of the passive verb 'kṛtaḥ'.
विरोधः (virodhaḥ) - a conflict, an act of hostility (opposition, conflict, hostility)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of virodha
virodha - opposition, resistance, hostility, conflict, contradiction
Prefix: vi
Root: rudh (class 7)
Note: Subject of the passive construction 'virodhaḥ ... kṛtaḥ'.
बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many, by numerous
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahu
bahu - much, many, numerous
Note: Agrees with 'bhūpaiḥ'.
कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - initiated, caused (done, made, created)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta
kṛta - done, made, performed, created, prepared
Past Passive Participle
From root kṛ (to do, make) with kta suffix.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Predicate adjective for 'virodhaḥ'.