महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-40, verse-4

तस्याभिमन्युरायम्य स्मयन्नेकेन पत्रिणा ।
शिरः प्रच्यावयामास स रथात्प्रापतद्भुवि ॥४॥

4. tasyābhimanyurāyamya smayannekena patriṇā ,
śiraḥ pracyāvayāmāsa sa rathātprāpatadbhuvi.

4. tasya abhimanyuḥ āyamya smayan ekena patriṇā
śiraḥ pracyāvayāmāsa saḥ rathāt prāpatat bhuvi

4. smayan abhimanyuḥ tasya śiraḥ āyamya ekena patriṇā pracyāvayāmāsa.
saḥ rathāt bhuvi prāpatat.

4. Smiling, Abhimanyu drew his bow and, with a single arrow, severed his opponent's head. He (the opponent) then fell from his chariot to the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his (the opponent's) (his, of him)

• अभिमन्युः (abhimanyuḥ) - Abhimanyu

• आयम्य (āyamya) - having drawn (his bow) (having drawn, having stretched)

• स्मयन् (smayan) - smiling (Abhimanyu) (smiling)

• एकेन (ekena) - by one, with one

• पत्रिणा (patriṇā) - with an arrow (feathered one)

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - opponent's head (head)

• प्रच्यावयामास (pracyāvayāmāsa) - he caused to fall, he severed

• सः (saḥ) - He (the opponent) (he)

• रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

• प्रापतत् (prāpatat) - he fell down

• भुवि (bhuvi) - on the ground, on the earth

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his (the opponent's) (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the aggressor, one of Karṇa's brothers.

अभिमन्युः (abhimanyuḥ) - Abhimanyu

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhimanyu

abhimanyu - Abhimanyu (name of a warrior)

आयम्य (āyamya) - having drawn (his bow) (having drawn, having stretched)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form using suffix -ya after prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Refers to drawing the bow.

स्मयन् (smayan) - smiling (Abhimanyu) (smiling)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smay

smay - to smile, to wonder

Present Active Participle

Present active participle (śatṛ), masculine nominative singular

Root: smay (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Abhimanyu.

एकेन (ekena) - by one, with one

(numeral)

पत्रिणा (patriṇā) - with an arrow (feathered one)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of patrin

patrin - arrow (lit. 'feathered'), bird

शिरः (śiraḥ) - opponent's head (head)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top

Note: Object of 'pracyāvayāmāsa'.

प्रच्यावयामास (pracyāvayāmāsa) - he caused to fall, he severed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of cyu

Causative Perfect (Liṭ)

3rd person singular, Parasmaipada, causative perfect tense, from 'pra-cyāvayati'

Prefix: pra

Root: cyu (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - He (the opponent) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the aggressor whose head was severed.

रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

प्रापतत् (prāpatat) - he fell down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Imperfect (Laṅ)

3rd person singular, Parasmaipada, Imperfect tense, from root 'pat' with prefix 'pra-ā'

Prefixes: pra+ā

Root: pat (class 1)

भुवि (bhuvi) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, land