महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-40, verse-21

सौभद्रश्चाद्रवत्सेनां निघ्नन्नश्वरथद्विपान् ।
व्यचरत्स दिशः सर्वाः प्रदिशश्चाहितान्रुजन् ॥२१॥

21. saubhadraścādravatsenāṁ nighnannaśvarathadvipān ,
vyacaratsa diśaḥ sarvāḥ pradiśaścāhitānrujan.

21. saubhadraḥ ca adravat senām nighnan aśvarathadvipān
vyacarat saḥ diśaḥ sarvāḥ pradiśaḥ ca ahitān rujan

21. saubhadraḥ ca senām adravat,
aśvarathadvipān nighnan (san).
saḥ sarvāḥ diśaḥ ca pradiśaḥ ca ahitān rujan (san) vyacarat.

21. And Saubhadra (Abhimanyu) rushed into the army, striking down horses, chariots, and elephants. He moved about in all directions and intermediate directions, crushing the enemies.

Words meanings summery:

• सौभद्रः (saubhadraḥ) - Abhimanyu, son of Arjuna and Subhadra. (Saubhadra (son of Subhadra))

• च (ca) - and

• अद्रवत् (adravat) - rushed, ran

• सेनाम् (senām) - to the army

• निघ्नन् (nighnan) - striking down, killing

• अश्वरथद्विपान् (aśvarathadvipān) - horses, chariots, and elephants

• व्यचरत् (vyacarat) - moved about, roamed

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

• प्रदिशः (pradiśaḥ) - intermediate directions

• च (ca) - and

• अहितान् (ahitān) - enemies, foes

• रुजन् (rujan) - crushing, breaking

Words meanings and morphology

सौभद्रः (saubhadraḥ) - Abhimanyu, son of Arjuna and Subhadra. (Saubhadra (son of Subhadra))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saubhadra

saubhadra - son of Subhadra

Derived from Subhadrā (mother's name).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अद्रवत् (adravat) - rushed, ran

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of adravat

Root: dru (class 1)

सेनाम् (senām) - to the army

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, weapon

निघ्नन् (nighnan) - striking down, killing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nighnat

nighnat - striking, killing, destroying

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root √han (to strike, kill) with the prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'saubhadraḥ'.

अश्वरथद्विपान् (aśvarathadvipān) - horses, chariots, and elephants

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśvarathadvipa

aśvarathadvipa - horses, chariots, and elephants (collective)

Compound type : dvandva (aśva+ratha+dvipa)

• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• dvipa – elephant (lit. 'two-drinker')
  noun (masculine)

व्यचरत् (vyacarat) - moved about, roamed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vicar

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'saubhadraḥ'.

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, region

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Modifies 'diśaḥ'.

प्रदिशः (pradiśaḥ) - intermediate directions

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of pradiś

pradiś - intermediate direction (e.g., northeast), subordinate direction

Prefix: pra

Root: diś (class 6)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अहितान् (ahitān) - enemies, foes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ahita

ahita - enemy, foe, harmful, unfavorable

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hita)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• hita – beneficial, friendly, placed, good
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root √dhā (to place, put, bestow).
  Root: dhā (class 3)

रुजन् (rujan) - crushing, breaking

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rujat

rujat - breaking, crushing, causing pain

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root √ruj (to break, to pain).

Root: ruj (class 6)

Note: Modifies 'saḥ' (Saubhadra).