महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-40, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
सोऽभिगर्जन्धनुष्पाणिर्ज्यां विकर्षन्पुनः पुनः ।
तयोर्महात्मनोस्तूर्णं रथान्तरमवापतत् ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
so'bhigarjandhanuṣpāṇirjyāṁ vikarṣanpunaḥ punaḥ ,
tayormahātmanostūrṇaṁ rathāntaramavāpatat.

1. saṃjayaḥ uvāca saḥ abhigarjan dhanuṣpāṇiḥ jyām vikarṣan
punaḥ punaḥ tayoḥ mahātmanoḥ tūrṇam rathāntaram avāpatat

1. saṃjayaḥ uvāca saḥ dhanuṣpāṇiḥ abhigarjan jyām punaḥ punaḥ
vikarṣan tūrṇam tayoḥ mahātmanoḥ rathāntaram avāpatat

1. Saṃjaya said: He (Vṛṣasena), roaring and holding his bow, repeatedly drawing the bowstring, swiftly reached the space between the chariots of those two great souls (Karna and Abhimanyu).

Words meanings summery:

• संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Saṃjaya (Saṃjaya (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, he spoke)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Vṛṣasena) (he)

• अभिगर्जन् (abhigarjan) - roaring (roaring, thundering)

• धनुष्पाणिः (dhanuṣpāṇiḥ) - with his bow in hand (bow in hand, armed with a bow)

• ज्याम् (jyām) - (the) bowstring (bowstring)

• विकर्षन् (vikarṣan) - drawing (the bowstring) (drawing, pulling)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, repeatedly)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, repeatedly)

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - of those two (Karna and Abhimanyu) (of those two)

• महात्मनोः (mahātmanoḥ) - of the great souls (Karna and Abhimanyu) (of the great-souled ones, of the noble ones)

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly)

• रथान्तरम् (rathāntaram) - the space between their chariots (interval between chariots, space between chariots)

• अवापतत् (avāpatat) - he reached (he arrived at, he fell into)

Words meanings and morphology

संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Saṃjaya (Saṃjaya (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - complete victory; name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer and narrator

उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect form of root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he (Vṛṣasena) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अभिगर्जन् (abhigarjan) - roaring (roaring, thundering)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhigarjant

garj - to roar, thunder

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle of root garj with prefix abhi.

Prefix: abhi

Root: garj (class 1)

धनुष्पाणिः (dhanuṣpāṇiḥ) - with his bow in hand (bow in hand, armed with a bow)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanuṣpāṇi

dhanuṣpāṇi - bow in hand

Compound of dhanus (bow) and pāṇi (hand).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhanus+pāṇi)

• dhanus – bow, arc
  noun (neuter)
• pāṇi – hand
  noun (masculine)

ज्याम् (jyām) - (the) bowstring (bowstring)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jyā

jyā - bowstring, earth, mother

विकर्षन् (vikarṣan) - drawing (the bowstring) (drawing, pulling)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vi-kṛṣ

kṛṣ - to draw, pull, drag

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle of root kṛṣ with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, repeatedly)

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, repeatedly)

(indeclinable)

तयोः (tayoḥ) - of those two (Karna and Abhimanyu) (of those two)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

महात्मनोः (mahātmanoḥ) - of the great souls (Karna and Abhimanyu) (of the great-souled ones, of the noble ones)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, eminent; a great being (ātman)

Compound of mahat (great) and ātman (soul).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – soul, self, essence, mind
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

From root tur 'to hurry'

Root: tur (class 6)

Note: Adverbial use of neuter singular accusative.

रथान्तरम् (rathāntaram) - the space between their chariots (interval between chariots, space between chariots)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rathāntara

rathāntara - interval between chariots, another chariot

Compound of ratha (chariot) and antara (interval).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (ratha+antara)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)
• antara – interval, space between, inside, other
  noun (neuter)

अवापतत् (avāpatat) - he reached (he arrived at, he fell into)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of ava-pat

Imperfect Active

From root pat 'to fall/fly' with prefix ava. ava-apatat becomes avāpatat (imperfect).

Prefix: ava

Root: pat (class 1)