महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-40, verse-14

सौभद्रचापप्रभवैर्निकृत्ताः परमेषुभिः ।
स्वानेवाभिमुखान्घ्नन्तः प्राद्रवञ्जीवितार्थिनः ॥१४॥

14. saubhadracāpaprabhavairnikṛttāḥ parameṣubhiḥ ,
svānevābhimukhānghnantaḥ prādravañjīvitārthinaḥ.

14. saubhadracāpaprabhavaiḥ nikṛttāḥ parameṣubhiḥ svān
eva abhimukhān ghnantaḥ prādravan jīvitārthinaḥ

14. jīvitārthinaḥ saubhadracāpaprabhavaiḥ parameṣubhiḥ
nikṛttāḥ svān abhimukhān ghnantaḥ eva prādravan

14. Seeking to save their lives, those warriors, severed by excellent arrows shot from Abhimanyu's (Saubhadra's) bow, fled, even striking their own men who stood facing them.

Words meanings summery:

• सौभद्रचापप्रभवैः (saubhadracāpaprabhavaiḥ) - by those originating from Abhimanyu's bow, by arrows shot from Abhimanyu's bow

• निकृत्ताः (nikṛttāḥ) - cut down, severed, massacred

• परमेषुभिः (parameṣubhiḥ) - by excellent arrows, by supreme arrows

• स्वान् (svān) - their own, one's own men

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, even

• अभिमुखान् (abhimukhān) - facing, confronting, turned towards

• घ्नन्तः (ghnantaḥ) - striking, killing, slaying

• प्राद्रवन् (prādravan) - they fled, they ran away

• जीवितार्थिनः (jīvitārthinaḥ) - desiring life, seeking to live

Words meanings and morphology

सौभद्रचापप्रभवैः (saubhadracāpaprabhavaiḥ) - by those originating from Abhimanyu's bow, by arrows shot from Abhimanyu's bow

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of saubhadracāpaprabhava

saubhadracāpaprabhava - originating from Abhimanyu's bow, produced by Abhimanyu's bow

Compound of 'saubhadra-cāpa' (Abhimanyu's bow) and 'prabhava' (originating, produced from).

Compound type : tatpurusha (saubhadra+cāpa+prabhava)

• saubhadra – son of Subhadra (Abhimanyu), relating to Subhadra
  noun (masculine)
  Patronymic from Subhadrā.
• cāpa – bow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: cap (class 1)
• prabhava – origin, source, birth, originating from
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'pra' (prefix) + root 'bhū' (to be, arise).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to the arrows, which are implied agents.

निकृत्ताः (nikṛttāḥ) - cut down, severed, massacred

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nikṛtta

nikṛtta - cut off, severed, slain, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Formed from 'ni' (prefix) + root 'kṛt' (to cut).

Prefix: ni

Root: kṛt (class 6)

Note: Refers to the warriors, the implied subject.

परमेषुभिः (parameṣubhiḥ) - by excellent arrows, by supreme arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of parameṣu

parameṣu - excellent arrow, supreme arrow

Compound of 'parama' (supreme, excellent) and 'iṣu' (arrow).

Compound type : karmadharaya (parama+iṣu)

• parama – supreme, excellent, highest
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of 'para'.
• iṣu – arrow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: iṣ (class 6)

स्वान् (svān) - their own, one's own men

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sva

sva - own, one's own, kinsmen, property

Note: Used here as a substantive referring to "one's own men".

एव (eva) - indeed, only, even

(indeclinable)

अभिमुखान् (abhimukhān) - facing, confronting, turned towards

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of abhimukha

abhimukha - facing, confronted, turned towards, present

Compound of 'abhi' (prefix) + 'mukha' (face, mouth).

Compound type : tatpurusha (abhi+mukha)

• abhi – towards, against, into
  indeclinable
  Preposition/prefix.
• mukha – face, mouth, entrance, front
  noun (neuter)
  Root: muk

Note: Qualifies "svān" (their own men).

घ्नन्तः (ghnantaḥ) - striking, killing, slaying

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ghnant

ghnant - striking, killing, slayer

Present Active Participle

Formed from root 'han' (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Refers to the fleeing warriors themselves.

प्राद्रवन् (prādravan) - they fled, they ran away

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dru

Imperfect third person plural

From 'pra' (prefix) + root 'dru' (to run). The 'ā' is an augment for imperfect tense.

Prefix: pra

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: The main verb of the sentence.

जीवितार्थिनः (jīvitārthinaḥ) - desiring life, seeking to live

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jīvitārthin

jīvitārthin - one who desires life, one who seeks to live

Compound of 'jīvita' (life) and 'arthin' (desiring, seeker).

Compound type : tatpurusha (jīvita+arthin)

• jīvita – life, lived
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (from jīv)
  Root: jīv (class 1)
• arthin – petitioner, seeker, desiring
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'artha' (purpose, object, wealth) + suffix 'in'.

Note: Qualifies the implied subject of 'prādravan' (they).