महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-40, verse-20

वध्यतां राजपुत्राणां क्रन्दतामितरेतरम् ।
प्रादुरासीन्महाशब्दो भीरूणां भयवर्धनः ।
स शब्दो भरतश्रेष्ठ दिशः सर्वा व्यनादयत् ॥२०॥

20. vadhyatāṁ rājaputrāṇāṁ krandatāmitaretaram ,
prādurāsīnmahāśabdo bhīrūṇāṁ bhayavardhanaḥ ,
sa śabdo bharataśreṣṭha diśaḥ sarvā vyanādayat.

20. vadhyatām rājaputrāṇām krandatām
itaretaram prādurasīt mahāśabdaḥ
bhīrūṇām bhayavardhanaḥ saḥ śabdaḥ
bharataśreṣṭha diśaḥ sarvāḥ vyanādayat

20. rājaputrāṇām vadhyatām itaretaram krandatām (madhye) bhīrūṇām bhayavardhanaḥ mahāśabdaḥ prādurasīt.
bharataśreṣṭha,
saḥ śabdaḥ sarvāḥ diśaḥ vyanādayat.

20. A great, fear-increasing sound arose from the princes who were being slain and crying out to one another. O best of Bharatas (bharataśreṣṭha), that sound made all directions resound.

Words meanings summery:

• वध्यताम् (vadhyatām) - of those being slain

• राजपुत्राणाम् (rājaputrāṇām) - of the princes

• क्रन्दताम् (krandatām) - of those crying out, of those wailing

• इतरेतरम् (itaretaram) - mutually, to one another, reciprocally

• प्रादुरसीत् (prādurasīt) - arose, appeared

• महाशब्दः (mahāśabdaḥ) - a great sound, loud noise

• भीरूणाम् (bhīrūṇām) - of the fearful, of the timid

• भयवर्धनः (bhayavardhanaḥ) - fear-increasing, augmenting terror

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound, noise

• भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - O best of Bharatas

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

• व्यनादयत् (vyanādayat) - made resound, caused to reverberate

Words meanings and morphology

वध्यताम् (vadhyatām) - of those being slain

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vadhyat

vadhyat - being slain, being killed

Present Passive Participle

Derived from the root √vadh (to strike, kill), passive voice.

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'rājaputrāṇām'.

राजपुत्राणाम् (rājaputrāṇām) - of the princes

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rājaputra

rājaputra - prince, king's son

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+putra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

क्रन्दताम् (krandatām) - of those crying out, of those wailing

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of krandat

krandat - crying, wailing, shouting

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root √krand (to cry, shout).

Root: krand (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'rājaputrāṇām'.

इतरेतरम् (itaretaram) - mutually, to one another, reciprocally

(indeclinable)

प्रादुरसीत् (prādurasīt) - arose, appeared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of prādurbhū

Compound verb formed with prādus- (a form of prādur- 'out, forth') and √bhū (to be, become).

Prefix: prādus

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Here 'āsīt' is used from '√as' (to be) as a form of 'prādurbhū'.

महाशब्दः (mahāśabdaḥ) - a great sound, loud noise

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāśabda

mahāśabda - great sound, loud noise

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+śabda)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• śabda – sound, word, noise
  noun (masculine)

भीरूणाम् (bhīrūṇām) - of the fearful, of the timid

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhīru

bhīru - fearful, timid, coward

Root: bhī (class 3)

भयवर्धनः (bhayavardhanaḥ) - fear-increasing, augmenting terror

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhayavardhana

bhayavardhana - increasing fear, causing terror

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhaya+vardhana)

• bhaya – fear, terror, dread
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• vardhana – increasing, causing to grow, augmenting
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun/Present Active Participle suffix
  Derived from the root √vṛdh (to grow, increase), causative form.
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'mahāśabdaḥ'.

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'śabdaḥ'.

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound, noise

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, word, noise

भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - O best of Bharatas

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharataśreṣṭha

bharataśreṣṭha - best of the Bharatas (a lineage, often referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the Mahābhārata)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+śreṣṭha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata (an ancient king), a name for India
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, region

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Modifies 'diśaḥ'.

व्यनादयत् (vyanādayat) - made resound, caused to reverberate

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vinādayat

Causative form of √nad

Derived from the root √nad (to roar, sound) with prefix vi-, in causative form.

Prefix: vi

Root: nad (class 1)