महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-52, verse-18

एवमेतन्महाव्यूहं प्रत्यव्यूहन्त पाण्डवाः ।
वधार्थं तव पुत्राणां तत्पक्षं ये च संगताः ॥१८॥

18. evametanmahāvyūhaṁ pratyavyūhanta pāṇḍavāḥ ,
vadhārthaṁ tava putrāṇāṁ tatpakṣaṁ ye ca saṁgatāḥ.

18. evam etat mahāvyūham prati avyūhanta pāṇḍavāḥ vadha
artham tava putrāṇām tat pakṣam ye ca saṃgatāḥ

18. evam pāṇḍavāḥ etat mahāvyūham (ca) tava putrāṇām tat pakṣam ye ca saṃgatāḥ vadha artham prati avyūhanta.

18. In this manner, the Pāṇḍavas arrayed their forces against this formidable formation, with the objective of slaying your sons and those who had gathered on their side.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - in this manner (thus, so, in this manner)

• एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the great array) (this, this one)

• महाव्यूहम् (mahāvyūham) - formidable battle array (great formation, great battle array)

• प्रति (prati) - against (towards, against, in opposition to)

• अव्यूहन्त (avyūhanta) - counter-arrayed (implied by 'prati' combined with 'avyūhanta') (arrayed, arranged (imperfect tense))

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas (the sons of Pandu, the Pandavas)

• वध (vadha) - killing, slaying (killing, slaughter)

• अर्थम् (artham) - for the purpose of (for the purpose of, for the sake of)

• तव (tava) - your (referring to Dhritarashtra's sons) (your, of you)

• पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of your sons (of sons)

• तत् (tat) - their (referring to Dhritarashtra's sons' side) (that, his/their)

• पक्षम् (pakṣam) - side (of the army/faction) (side, wing, party)

• ये (ye) - those who (who, those who)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• संगताः (saṁgatāḥ) - joined (their side) (assembled, joined, united)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - in this manner (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the great array) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Agrees with 'mahāvyūham'.

महाव्यूहम् (mahāvyūham) - formidable battle array (great formation, great battle array)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāvyūha

mahāvyūha - great formation, mighty array

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+vyūha)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• vyūha – arrangement, formation, array
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from prefix 'vi' and root √ūh (to arrange).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ūh (class 1)

Note: Object of the action 'prati avyūhanta'.

प्रति (prati) - against (towards, against, in opposition to)

(indeclinable)

अव्यूहन्त (avyūhanta) - counter-arrayed (implied by 'prati' combined with 'avyūhanta') (arrayed, arranged (imperfect tense))

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of vyūh

Imperfect, 3rd person plural, middle voice (ātmanepada)

Root √ūh (to push, arrange) with 'vi-' prefix. Imperfect (laṅ) form, with 'a-' augment preceding the root.

Prefix: vi

Root: ūh (class 1)

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas (the sons of Pandu, the Pandavas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pandu

Derivative of Paṇḍu (their father's name).

Note: Subject of 'avyūhanta'.

वध (vadha) - killing, slaying (killing, slaughter)

(noun)

masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - killing, murder, slaying

From root √vadh (to strike, kill).

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Part of the compound 'vadhārtham'.

अर्थम् (artham) - for the purpose of (for the purpose of, for the sake of)

(indeclinable)

Note: Forms a compound 'vadhārtham' meaning 'for the sake of killing'.

तव (tava) - your (referring to Dhritarashtra's sons) (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, to whom Sañjaya is speaking.

पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of your sons (of sons)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son

Note: Possessive for 'vadha artham'.

तत् (tat) - their (referring to Dhritarashtra's sons' side) (that, his/their)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'pakṣam'. Refers to the side of 'tava putrāṇām'.

पक्षम् (pakṣam) - side (of the army/faction) (side, wing, party)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pakṣa

pakṣa - side, wing, party, faction

Note: Object of 'prati avyūhanta'.

ये (ye) - those who (who, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which

Note: Subject of 'saṃgatāḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

संगताः (saṁgatāḥ) - joined (their side) (assembled, joined, united)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃgata

saṁgata - assembled, joined, met

Past Passive Participle

Derived from upasarga 'sam' and root √gam (to go) with the 'kta' suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'ye'.