महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-52, verse-17

ततोऽभूद्द्विपदां श्रेष्ठो वामं पार्श्वमुपाश्रितः ।
सर्वस्य जगतो गोप्ता गोप्ता यस्य जनार्दनः ॥१७॥

17. tato'bhūddvipadāṁ śreṣṭho vāmaṁ pārśvamupāśritaḥ ,
sarvasya jagato goptā goptā yasya janārdanaḥ.

17. tataḥ abhūt dvipadām śreṣṭhaḥ vāmam pārśvam upāśritaḥ
sarvasya jagataḥ goptā goptā yasya janārdanaḥ

17. tataḥ dvipadām śreṣṭhaḥ sarvasya jagataḥ goptā
vāmam pārśvam upāśritaḥ abhūt yasya goptā janārdanaḥ

17. Then, Bhīṣma, the foremost among men and a protector of the entire world, took his position on the left flank. However, Janārdana (Krishna) was the ultimate protector (of that cause).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, therefrom, after that)

• अभूत् (abhūt) - became, took position (became, was, happened)

• द्विपदाम् (dvipadām) - of men (of bipeds, of two-footed beings, of men)

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - the foremost (referring to Bhīṣma) (best, excellent, foremost)

• वामम् (vāmam) - left (side) (left, beautiful, agreeable)

• पार्श्वम् (pārśvam) - flank (of the army) (side, flank)

• उपाश्रितः (upāśritaḥ) - positioned himself (resorted to, taken shelter of, positioned)

• सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of the entire (of all, of the entire)

• जगतः (jagataḥ) - of the world (of the world, of moving beings)

• गोप्ता (goptā) - protector (referring to Bhīṣma) (protector, guardian)

• गोप्ता (goptā) - protector (referring to Janārdana) (protector, guardian)

• यस्य (yasya) - whose (protector, referring to Janārdana protecting what Bhīṣma defends) (whose, of whom, of which)

• जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Janārdana (Krishna) (Janardana (an epithet of Krishna or Vishnu))

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, therefrom, after that)

(indeclinable)

Ablative of 'tad' used as an indeclinable adverb.

अभूत् (abhūt) - became, took position (became, was, happened)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist, 3rd person singular

Root bhū, aorist (luṅ) form, with 'a-' augment and 3rd singular ending.

Root: bhū (class 1)

द्विपदाम् (dvipadām) - of men (of bipeds, of two-footed beings, of men)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dvipad

dvipad - two-footed, biped, man

Compound type : dvigu (dvi+pad)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• pad – foot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to human beings.

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - the foremost (referring to Bhīṣma) (best, excellent, foremost)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief

Superlative degree from the root praśasya (excellent).

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (Bhīṣma).

वामम् (vāmam) - left (side) (left, beautiful, agreeable)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vāma

vāma - left, adverse, beautiful, agreeable

Note: Agrees with 'pārśvam'.

पार्श्वम् (pārśvam) - flank (of the army) (side, flank)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pārśva

pārśva - side, flank

Note: Object of 'upāśritaḥ'.

उपाश्रितः (upāśritaḥ) - positioned himself (resorted to, taken shelter of, positioned)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upāśrita

upāśrita - resorted to, taken refuge in, dependent on

Past Passive Participle

Derived from upasargas 'upa' + 'ā' and root √śri (to resort to, lean on) with the 'kta' suffix.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied subject (Bhīṣma), agreeing in gender, number, and case.

सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of the entire (of all, of the entire)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, entire, every

Note: Agrees with 'jagataḥ'.

जगतः (jagataḥ) - of the world (of the world, of moving beings)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, moving beings

Present active participle of root √gam (to go), used as a noun.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Possessive for 'goptā'.

गोप्ता (goptā) - protector (referring to Bhīṣma) (protector, guardian)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of goptṛ

goptṛ - protector, guardian

Agent noun from root √gup (to protect).

Root: gup (class 1)

Note: Refers to the implied subject (Bhīṣma).

गोप्ता (goptā) - protector (referring to Janārdana) (protector, guardian)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of goptṛ

goptṛ - protector, guardian

Agent noun from root √gup (to protect).

Root: gup (class 1)

Note: Refers to Janārdana.

यस्य (yasya) - whose (protector, referring to Janārdana protecting what Bhīṣma defends) (whose, of whom, of which)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Connects the protector ('goptā') to the one being protected; refers to Janārdana as the protector of the cause Bhīṣma is defending or Bhīṣma himself.

जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Janārdana (Krishna) (Janardana (an epithet of Krishna or Vishnu))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janārdana

janārdana - agitator of men, subduer of evil men, a name of Vishnu/Krishna

Note: Lord Krishna.