महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-52, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
प्रभातायां तु शर्वर्यां भीष्मः शांतनवस्ततः ।
अनीकान्यनुसंयाने व्यादिदेशाथ भारत ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
prabhātāyāṁ tu śarvaryāṁ bhīṣmaḥ śāṁtanavastataḥ ,
anīkānyanusaṁyāne vyādideśātha bhārata.

1. sañjaya uvāca prabhātāyām tu śarvaryām bhīṣmaḥ śāntanavaḥ
tataḥ anīkāni anusaṃyāne vyādideśa atha bhārata

1. sañjaya uvāca bhārata prabhātāyām tu śarvaryām tataḥ
śāntanavaḥ bhīṣmaḥ atha anīkāni anusaṃyāne vyādideśa

1. Sañjaya said: O Bhārata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), when the night had passed and morning arrived, Bhīṣma, son of Śāntanu, then gave orders for the deployment of the armies.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya (the narrator to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (Sanjaya)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• प्रभातायाम् (prabhātāyām) - when the night had dawned (when dawned, at dawn, when morning broke)

• तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand, indeed

• शर्वर्याम् (śarvaryām) - in the night (that had dawned) (in the night)

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

• शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - Bhīṣma, the son of Śāntanu (son of Śāntanu, descendant of Śāntanu)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• अनीकानि (anīkāni) - the armies, divisions of an army

• अनुसंयाने (anusaṁyāne) - in the arrangement, in the deployment, in the marshalling

• व्यादिदेश (vyādideśa) - ordered, instructed, appointed

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (descendant of Bharata) (O descendant of Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya (the narrator to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (Sanjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator)

Prefix: sam

Root: ji (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √vac

perfect active

Perfect 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रभातायाम् (prabhātāyām) - when the night had dawned (when dawned, at dawn, when morning broke)

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of prabhāta

prabhāta - dawned, morning, broken forth, light, shining

Past Passive Participle

from pra-√bhā (to shine forth)

Prefix: pra

Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Acts adverbially or as a participle modifying śarvaryām in a locative absolute construction.

तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

शर्वर्याम् (śarvaryām) - in the night (that had dawned) (in the night)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of śarvarī

śarvarī - night

Note: Part of the locative absolute construction 'prabhātāyām śarvaryām'.

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (name of a Kuru elder and general)

शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - Bhīṣma, the son of Śāntanu (son of Śāntanu, descendant of Śāntanu)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāntanava

śāntanava - descendant of Śāntanu, son of Śāntanu

Taddhita (Aṇ) derivation from Śāntanu

Note: Refers to Bhīṣma.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva derivative from 'tad'

अनीकानि (anīkāni) - the armies, divisions of an army

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of anīka

anīka - army, front, array, host

Note: Object of 'vyādideśa' in conjunction with 'anusaṃyāne'.

अनुसंयाने (anusaṁyāne) - in the arrangement, in the deployment, in the marshalling

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of anusaṃyāna

anusaṁyāna - following, accompanying, joining, marshalling (of troops), military procession

from anu-sam-√yā (to go after, to assemble)

Prefixes: anu+sam

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Locative used to indicate purpose or context for the action 'vyādideśa'.

व्यादिदेश (vyādideśa) - ordered, instructed, appointed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √diś

perfect active

Perfect 3rd person singular, active voice. From vi-ā-√diś.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: diś (class 6)

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (descendant of Bharata) (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata; an Indian; India

Vocative singular of bhārata, referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra