महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-91, verse-9

सेयमापन्महाघोरा कुरुष्वेव समुत्थिता ।
कर्णदुर्योधनकृता सर्वे ह्येते तदन्वयाः ॥९॥

9. seyamāpanmahāghorā kuruṣveva samutthitā ,
karṇaduryodhanakṛtā sarve hyete tadanvayāḥ.

9. sā iyam āpat mahāghorā kuruṣu eva samutthitā
karṇaduryodhanakṛtā sarve hi ete tadanvayāḥ

9. This exceedingly dreadful calamity has arisen among the Kurus. It was caused by Karṇa and Duryodhana; indeed, all these are their followers.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - this (calamity) (she, that)

• इयम् (iyam) - this

• आपत् (āpat) - calamity, misfortune, distress

• महाघोरा (mahāghorā) - very dreadful, exceedingly terrible

• कुरुषु (kuruṣu) - among the Kurus

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

• समुत्थिता (samutthitā) - arisen, emerged

• कर्णदुर्योधनकृता (karṇaduryodhanakṛtā) - caused by Karṇa and Duryodhana

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• एते (ete) - these

• तदन्वयाः (tadanvayāḥ) - their followers, those connected to them

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - this (calamity) (she, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to āpat, which is feminine.

इयम् (iyam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Refers to āpat.

आपत् (āpat) - calamity, misfortune, distress

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āpad

āpad - calamity, misfortune, distress

महाघोरा (mahāghorā) - very dreadful, exceedingly terrible

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahāghora

mahāghora - very dreadful, exceedingly terrible

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ghora)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ghora – dreadful, terrible, fierce
  adjective

Note: Feminine form of mahāghora, qualifying āpat.

कुरुषु (kuruṣu) - among the Kurus

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - Kuru (name of a legendary king and his descendants, a kingdom)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

समुत्थिता (samutthitā) - arisen, emerged

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of samutthita

samutthita - arisen, emerged, stood up

Past Passive Participle

from sam-ud-sthā (to stand up, arise)

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies āpat.

कर्णदुर्योधनकृता (karṇaduryodhanakṛtā) - caused by Karṇa and Duryodhana

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of karṇaduryodhanakṛta

karṇaduryodhanakṛta - caused by Karṇa and Duryodhana

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (karṇa+duryodhana+kṛta)

• karṇa – Karṇa (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• duryodhana – Duryodhana (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• kṛta – done, made, caused
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies āpat.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

एते (ete) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this

तदन्वयाः (tadanvayāḥ) - their followers, those connected to them

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tadanvaya

tadanvaya - their followers, those connected to them

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (tad+anvaya)

• tad – that, he, she, it
  pronoun (neuter)
• anvaya – connection, lineage, succession, followers, posterity
  noun (masculine)
  from anu-i (to follow)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: i (class 2)