महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-170, verse-21

ते निवृत्ताश्च भग्नाश्च दृष्ट्वा तल्लाघवं मम ।
अथाहं हास्तिनपुरमायां जित्वा महीक्षितः ॥२१॥

21. te nivṛttāśca bhagnāśca dṛṣṭvā tallāghavaṁ mama ,
athāhaṁ hāstinapuramāyāṁ jitvā mahīkṣitaḥ.

21. te nivṛttāḥ ca bhagnāḥ ca dṛṣṭvā tat lāghavam mama
| atha aham hāstinapuramāyām jitvā mahīkṣitaḥ

21. te mama tat lāghavam dṛṣṭvā nivṛttāḥ ca bhagnāḥ
ca atha aham mahīkṣitaḥ jitvā hāstinapuramāyām

21. They, having observed my swiftness (lāghava), turned back and were defeated. Then I, having conquered the kings, [brought the princesses] in the course of the journey to Hastinapura.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - the kings who were challenging Bhishma (they, those)

• निवृत्ताः (nivṛttāḥ) - the kings turned back (turned back, retreated, ceased)

• च (ca) - and

• भग्नाः (bhagnāḥ) - the kings were defeated (broken, defeated, shattered)

• च (ca) - and

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having observed

• तत् (tat) - Bhishma's swiftness (that, that (swiftness))

• लाघवम् (lāghavam) - Bhishma's swiftness and skill in combat (swiftness, lightness, agility, dexterity)

• मम (mama) - of Bhishma (my, of me)

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereafter

• अहम् (aham) - Bhishma (I)

• हास्तिनपुरमायाम् (hāstinapuramāyām) - the journey of the princesses to Hastinapura (in the journey/arrival to Hastinapura)

• जित्वा (jitvā) - Bhishma having conquered the kings (having conquered, having won)

• महीक्षितः (mahīkṣitaḥ) - the kings Bhishma conquered (of the kings, of the rulers, the kings (accusative/nominative plural))

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - the kings who were challenging Bhishma (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

निवृत्ताः (nivṛttāḥ) - the kings turned back (turned back, retreated, ceased)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nivṛtta

nivṛtta - turned back, retreated, ceased

Past Passive Participle

from ni-√vṛt (to turn back)

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

भग्नाः (bhagnāḥ) - the kings were defeated (broken, defeated, shattered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhagna

bhagna - broken, defeated, shattered

Past Passive Participle

from √bhañj (to break)

Root: bhañj (class 7)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having observed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

from √dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तत् (tat) - Bhishma's swiftness (that, that (swiftness))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Acts as an adjective for 'lāghavam'.

लाघवम् (lāghavam) - Bhishma's swiftness and skill in combat (swiftness, lightness, agility, dexterity)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of lāghava

lāghava - swiftness, lightness, agility, dexterity

from laghu (light)

मम (mama) - of Bhishma (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereafter

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - Bhishma (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

हास्तिनपुरमायाम् (hāstinapuramāyām) - the journey of the princesses to Hastinapura (in the journey/arrival to Hastinapura)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of hāstinapuramāyā

hāstinapuramāyā - journey to Hastinapura, arrival at Hastinapura

compound of hāstinapura (city of Hastina) and āyā (arrival, journey)

Compound type : tatpurusha (hāstinapura+āyā)

• hāstinapura – Hastinapura (city of Hastina)
  proper noun (neuter)
• āyā – arrival, coming, journey
  noun (feminine)
  from ā-√i (to come, arrive)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: i (class 2)

जित्वा (jitvā) - Bhishma having conquered the kings (having conquered, having won)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

from √ji (to conquer)

Root: ji (class 1)

महीक्षितः (mahīkṣitaḥ) - the kings Bhishma conquered (of the kings, of the rulers, the kings (accusative/nominative plural))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahīkṣit

mahīkṣit - king, ruler (lit. 'earth-dweller')

compound of mahī (earth) and kṣit (dweller, ruler)

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahī+kṣit)

• mahī – earth, land
  noun (feminine)
• kṣit – dweller, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  from √kṣi (to dwell, to rule)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: It can be nominative or accusative plural. Here, accusative object of jitvā.