महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-101, verse-1

नारद उवाच ।
इयं भोगवती नाम पुरी वासुकिपालिता ।
यादृशी देवराजस्य पुरीवर्यामरावती ॥१॥

1. nārada uvāca ,
iyaṁ bhogavatī nāma purī vāsukipālitā ,
yādṛśī devarājasya purīvaryāmarāvatī.

1. nārada uvāca iyam bhogavatī nāma purī vāsukipālitā
yādṛśī devarājasya purīvaryā amarāvatī

1. Nārada said, 'This city, named Bhogavatī, is protected by Vāsuki, just as Amarāvatī is the excellent city of the king of the gods.'

Words meanings summery:

• नारद (nārada) - Nārada (name of a divine sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• इयम् (iyam) - this, this one

• भोगवती (bhogavatī) - Bhogavatī (name of a city)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, named

• पुरी (purī) - city, town

• वासुकिपालिता (vāsukipālitā) - protected by Vāsuki, ruled by Vāsuki

• यादृशी (yādṛśī) - like which, such as which, of which kind

• देवराजस्य (devarājasya) - of the king of gods, of Indra

• पुरीवर्या (purīvaryā) - excellent city, best city

• अमरावती (amarāvatī) - Amarāvatī (name of Indra's capital city)

Words meanings and morphology

नारद (nārada) - Nārada (name of a divine sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Nārada (a divine sage, son of Brahmā, known as a cosmic messenger)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect

Formed from the root √vac (to speak), parasmaipada, reduplicated perfect, 3rd person singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

इयम् (iyam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, the present

Note: Feminine form matching 'bhogavatī' and 'purī'.

भोगवती (bhogavatī) - Bhogavatī (name of a city)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhogavatī

bhogavatī - Bhogavatī (the capital city of the Nāgas in Pātāla)

Feminine form of 'bhogavat' (possessing pleasures or serpents' hoods).

नाम (nāma) - by name, named

(indeclinable)

Used adverbially in this context.

Note: Adverb modifying 'Bhogavatī'.

पुरी (purī) - city, town

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town, stronghold

वासुकिपालिता (vāsukipālitā) - protected by Vāsuki, ruled by Vāsuki

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāsukipālita

vāsukipālita - protected or guarded by Vāsuki

Past Passive Participle (in compound)

A Tatpuruṣa compound where Vāsuki is the agent of 'pālita' (protected).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāsuki+pālita)

• vāsuki – Vāsuki (name of a serpent king, brother of Sheṣa)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pālita – protected, guarded, ruled, nurtured
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from the root √pāl (to protect, guard).
  Root: pāl

Note: Feminine form matching 'purī'.

यादृशी (yādṛśī) - like which, such as which, of which kind

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yādṛś

yādṛś - like which, such as which, of which kind, what kind of

Relative pronoun formed from 'yad' (which) and 'dṛś' (to see, appear).

Root: dṛś

Note: Feminine form matching 'purī' and 'Amarāvatī'.

देवराजस्य (devarājasya) - of the king of gods, of Indra

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of devarāja

devarāja - king of gods, sovereign of deities, Indra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+rāja)

• deva – god, deity, divine being
  noun (masculine)
  From the root √div (to shine).
  Root: div (class 4)
• rāja – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
  From the root √rāj (to rule, shine).
  Root: rāj (class 1)

पुरीवर्या (purīvaryā) - excellent city, best city

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of purīvarya

purīvarya - excellent city, best among cities

A Karmadhāraya compound meaning 'an excellent city'.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (purī+varya)

• purī – city, town, stronghold
  noun (feminine)
• varya – excellent, best, choicest, principal
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive/Passive Participle
  Formed from the root √vṛ (to choose, select). Literally 'to be chosen'.
  Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Feminine form matching 'Amarāvatī'.

अमरावती (amarāvatī) - Amarāvatī (name of Indra's capital city)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of amarāvatī

amarāvatī - Amarāvatī (the capital city of Indra, the king of gods)

Feminine form of 'amarāvat', meaning 'possessing immortals'.