महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-65, verse-17

एष वृद्धाननाथांश्च व्यङ्गान्पङ्गूंश्च मानवान् ।
पुत्रवत्पालयामास प्रजा धर्मेण चाभिभो ॥१७॥

17. eṣa vṛddhānanāthāṁśca vyaṅgānpaṅgūṁśca mānavān ,
putravatpālayāmāsa prajā dharmeṇa cābhibho.

17. eṣa vṛddhān anāthān ca vyaṅgān paṅgūn ca mānavān
putravat pālayāmāsa prajā dharmeṇa ca abhibho

17. O lord, he protected the elderly, the helpless, the disabled, and the lame people, as well as his subjects, like his own sons, in accordance with his intrinsic nature (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• एष (eṣa) - this (person), he

• वृद्धान् (vṛddhān) - old, aged (people)

• अनाथान् (anāthān) - helpless, unprotected, orphaned (people)

• च (ca) - and

• व्यङ्गान् (vyaṅgān) - disabled, crippled (people)

• पङ्गून् (paṅgūn) - lame, crippled (people)

• च (ca) - and

• मानवान् (mānavān) - humans, people

• पुत्रवत् (putravat) - like a son, paternally

• पालयामास (pālayāmāsa) - he protected, he maintained

• प्रजा (prajā) - subjects, people, progeny

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - in accordance with his intrinsic nature (dharma) (by natural law, by righteousness, in accordance with duty)

• च (ca) - and

• अभिभो (abhibho) - O lord, O master

Words meanings and morphology

एष (eṣa) - this (person), he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, he, she, it

वृद्धान् (vṛddhān) - old, aged (people)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged; grown, increased; wise

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛdh (to grow, increase)

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Used here as a substantive (noun).

अनाथान् (anāthān) - helpless, unprotected, orphaned (people)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of anātha

anātha - helpless, unprotected, orphaned; one without a protector

Negative compound (na + nātha)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (na+nātha)

• na – not, no
  indeclinable
• nātha – protector, lord, master
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used here as a substantive (noun).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

व्यङ्गान् (vyaṅgān) - disabled, crippled (people)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vyaṅga

vyaṅga - disabled, crippled, deficient in a limb; one with defective limbs

Bahuvrihi compound (vi + aṅga)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+aṅga)

• vi – apart, away, without
  indeclinable
• aṅga – limb, body part
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used here as a substantive (noun).

पङ्गून् (paṅgūn) - lame, crippled (people)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of paṅgu

paṅgu - lame, crippled; one who limps

Note: Used here as a substantive (noun).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मानवान् (mānavān) - humans, people

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mānava

mānava - human, belonging to Manu; offspring of Manu

Derivative of Manu

पुत्रवत् (putravat) - like a son, paternally

(indeclinable)

Suffixed with -vat (like, as)

पालयामास (pālayāmāsa) - he protected, he maintained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Past Perfect (Lit) of pālayāmāsa

Periphrastic Perfect

From root pāl (to protect, govern) + ām-kṛ (to make, do) in perfect tense

Root: pāl (class 10)

Note: Periphrastic Perfect formation

प्रजा (prajā) - subjects, people, progeny

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, subjects, people

Note: Often used as a collective noun in the accusative with a singular form in Epic Sanskrit, meaning 'the people' or 'the subjects'.

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - in accordance with his intrinsic nature (dharma) (by natural law, by righteousness, in accordance with duty)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, justice, constitution

From root dhṛ (to uphold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 3)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अभिभो (abhibho) - O lord, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of abhibhu

abhibhu - lord, master, conqueror, sovereign

Compound of prefix abhi + root bhū

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (abhi+bhū)

• abhi – towards, over, against
  indeclinable
• bhū – being, existence
  noun (feminine)
  From root bhū (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)