महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-44, verse-9

तथा निवातकवचाः कालखञ्जाश्च दानवाः ।
दैवतैरप्यवध्यास्ते एकेन युधि पातिताः ॥९॥

9. tathā nivātakavacāḥ kālakhañjāśca dānavāḥ ,
daivatairapyavadhyāste ekena yudhi pātitāḥ.

9. tathā nivātakavacāḥ kālakhañjāḥ ca dānavāḥ
daivataiḥ api avadhyāḥ te ekena yudhi pātitāḥ

9. Similarly, the Dānavas known as Nivātakavacas and Kālakhañjas, who were impossible to kill even for the gods, were struck down in battle by one person (Arjuna).

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, similarly)

• निवातकवचाः (nivātakavacāḥ) - a race of powerful Dānavas (demons) (the Nivātakavacas)

• कालखञ्जाः (kālakhañjāḥ) - a race of powerful Dānavas (demons) (the Kālakhañjas)

• च (ca) - and, also

• दानवाः (dānavāḥ) - Dānavas, demons

• दैवतैः (daivataiḥ) - by gods, by divine beings

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• अवध्याः (avadhyāḥ) - impossible to kill (not to be killed, unconquerable)

• ते (te) - those (referring to the Dānavas) (they)

• एकेन (ekena) - by one person (Arjuna) (by one, by a single person)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

• पातिताः (pātitāḥ) - struck down, killed (felled, thrown down, killed)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, similarly)

(indeclinable)

निवातकवचाः (nivātakavacāḥ) - a race of powerful Dānavas (demons) (the Nivātakavacas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nivātakavaca

nivātakavaca - the Nivātakavacas (proper name of a race of demons, meaning 'having armor that cannot be pierced by wind')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (ni+vāta+kavaca)

• ni – down, into, negation, intensive
  indeclinable
• vāta – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vā (class 2)
• kavaca – armor, cuirass
  noun (masculine)

कालखञ्जाः (kālakhañjāḥ) - a race of powerful Dānavas (demons) (the Kālakhañjas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kālakhañja

kālakhañja - the Kālakhañjas (proper name of a race of demons)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

दानवाः (dānavāḥ) - Dānavas, demons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dānava

dānava - Dānava, a demon, son of Danu

Note: Functions as a collective noun here, encompassing Nivātakavacas and Kālakhañjas.

दैवतैः (daivataiḥ) - by gods, by divine beings

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of daivata

daivata - divine, relating to a deity; a god, deity

From deva (god) + ta (suffix)

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

अवध्याः (avadhyāḥ) - impossible to kill (not to be killed, unconquerable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of avadhya

avadhya - not to be killed, invulnerable, unconquerable

gerundive

From a (negation) + root vadh (to strike, kill) + suffix ya (gerundive)

Compound type : nañ tatpurusha (a+vadhya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• vadhya – to be killed, vulnerable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  Future Passive Participle from root vadh (to strike, kill)
  Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with dānavāḥ.

ते (te) - those (referring to the Dānavas) (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

एकेन (ekena) - by one person (Arjuna) (by one, by a single person)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, alone, single

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, war, fight

Root yudh also exists as a verb 'to fight'. This is a feminine noun.

Root: yudh (class 4)

पातिताः (pātitāḥ) - struck down, killed (felled, thrown down, killed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pātita

pātita - felled, fallen, thrown down, killed

past passive participle

Causative past passive participle of root pat (to fall). The causative stem is pāti.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with dānavāḥ and te.