महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-44, verse-18

एकान्ते पार्थमासीनं कूपेऽग्निमिव संवृतम् ।
अज्ञानादभ्यवस्कन्द्य प्राप्ताः स्मो भयमुत्तमम् ॥१८॥

18. ekānte pārthamāsīnaṁ kūpe'gnimiva saṁvṛtam ,
ajñānādabhyavaskandya prāptāḥ smo bhayamuttamam.

18. ekānte pārthaṃ āsīnaṃ kūpe agnim iva saṃvṛtam
ajñānāt abhyavaskandya prāptāḥ smaḥ bhayaṃ uttamam

18. Because of our ignorance, we assailed Arjuna (Pārtha) while he was seated in solitude, like a fire concealed in a well. As a result, we have now incurred great fear.

Words meanings summery:

• एकान्ते (ekānte) - in solitude, in a secluded place

• पार्थं (pārthaṁ) - Refers to Arjuna. (Arjuna, son of Pṛthā)

• आसीनं (āsīnaṁ) - sitting, seated

• कूपे (kūpe) - in a well

• अग्निम् (agnim) - fire

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• संवृतम् (saṁvṛtam) - Describes the fire in the simile (and by extension, Pārtha's power). (hidden, covered, concealed)

• अज्ञानात् (ajñānāt) - from ignorance, due to ignorance

• अभ्यवस्कन्द्य (abhyavaskandya) - having assailed, having attacked

• प्राप्ताः (prāptāḥ) - obtained, reached, incurred

• स्मः (smaḥ) - are (we are)

• भयं (bhayaṁ) - fear, terror

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - great, excellent, highest, extreme

Words meanings and morphology

एकान्ते (ekānte) - in solitude, in a secluded place

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ekānta

ekānta - solitary, lonely, secluded, privacy, quiet place

Compound of 'eka' (one, singular) and 'anta' (end, vicinity).

पार्थं (pārthaṁ) - Refers to Arjuna. (Arjuna, son of Pṛthā)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - Arjuna, son of Pṛthā (Kuntī)

Derived from Pṛthā.

Note: Object of 'abhyavaskandya'.

आसीनं (āsīnaṁ) - sitting, seated

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āsīna

āsīna - sitting, seated, staying, dwelling

Present Active Participle

From root ās (to sit) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: ās (class 2)

कूपे (kūpe) - in a well

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kūpa

kūpa - well, pit, cavity

Note: Location for the simile of fire.

अग्निम् (agnim) - fire

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, god of fire

Note: Object of comparison.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

संवृतम् (saṁvṛtam) - Describes the fire in the simile (and by extension, Pārtha's power). (hidden, covered, concealed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃvṛta

saṁvṛta - covered, concealed, surrounded, hidden, contained

Past Passive Participle

From prefix sam + root vṛ (to cover, enclose).

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'agnim'.

अज्ञानात् (ajñānāt) - from ignorance, due to ignorance

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of ajñāna

ajñāna - ignorance, nescience, want of knowledge

Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'jñāna' (knowledge).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+jñāna)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, understanding
  noun (neuter)
  From root jñā (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

अभ्यवस्कन्द्य (abhyavaskandya) - having assailed, having attacked

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From prefixes abhi + ava + root skand (to leap, attack).

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: skand (class 1)

Note: Connects to 'prāptāḥ smaḥ'.

प्राप्ताः (prāptāḥ) - obtained, reached, incurred

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, attained, incurred

Past Passive Participle

From prefix pra + root āp (to obtain, reach).

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Acts as the main verb with 'smaḥ'.

स्मः (smaḥ) - are (we are)

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of as

present tense

From root as (to be), 2nd class, Parasmaipada.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Copula.

भयं (bhayaṁ) - fear, terror

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, terror, apprehension, dread

From root bhī (to fear).

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Object of 'prāptāḥ'.

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - great, excellent, highest, extreme

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, greatest, best, excellent, supreme

Superlative of 'ud' (up).

Note: Qualifies 'bhayam'.