महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-44, verse-17

अस्माभिरेष निकृतो वर्षाणीह त्रयोदश ।
सिंहः पाशविनिर्मुक्तो न नः शेषं करिष्यति ॥१७॥

17. asmābhireṣa nikṛto varṣāṇīha trayodaśa ,
siṁhaḥ pāśavinirmukto na naḥ śeṣaṁ kariṣyati.

17. asmābhiḥ eṣaḥ nikṛtaḥ varṣāṇi iha trayodaśa
siṃhaḥ pāśavinirmuktaḥ na naḥ śeṣaṃ kariṣyati

17. This one (Arjuna) has been tormented by us for thirteen years. Now, like a lion freed from a noose, he will not leave any of us remaining.

Words meanings summery:

• अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - Refers to Arjuna. (this, this one)

• निकृतः (nikṛtaḥ) - humiliated, oppressed, wronged, injured

• वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - adverbial accusative indicating duration. (years)

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

• त्रयोदश (trayodaśa) - thirteen

• सिंहः (siṁhaḥ) - The subject of the simile. (a lion)

• पाशविनिर्मुक्तः (pāśavinirmuktaḥ) - Describes the lion (and by simile, Arjuna). (freed from a noose/snare)

• न (na) - not

• नः (naḥ) - us, to us

• शेषं (śeṣaṁ) - Refers to any remaining members of their side. (remainder, residue, rest)

• करिष्यति (kariṣyati) - Will leave no remainder. (will do, will make, will cause)

Words meanings and morphology

अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us

(pronoun)

Instrumental, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person personal pronoun.

Note: Agent of the action 'nikṛtaḥ'.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - Refers to Arjuna. (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of 'nikṛtaḥ'.

निकृतः (nikṛtaḥ) - humiliated, oppressed, wronged, injured

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nikṛta

nikṛta - humiliated, oppressed, wronged, injured, done to, treated

Past Passive Participle

From prefix ni + root kṛ (to do, make, injure).

Prefix: ni

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - adverbial accusative indicating duration. (years)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of varṣa

varṣa - year, rain, monsoon

Note: Adverbial usage indicating duration 'for thirteen years'.

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place and time.

त्रयोदश (trayodaśa) - thirteen

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of trayodaśa

trayodaśa - thirteen

Compound of 'tri' (three) and 'daśa' (ten).

Note: Agrees with 'varṣāṇi'.

सिंहः (siṁhaḥ) - The subject of the simile. (a lion)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of siṃha

siṁha - lion

पाशविनिर्मुक्तः (pāśavinirmuktaḥ) - Describes the lion (and by simile, Arjuna). (freed from a noose/snare)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāśavinirmukta

pāśavinirmukta - freed from a noose, released from a snare

Past Passive Participle

Compound of 'pāśa' (noose) and 'vinirmukta' (freed, released). 'Vinirmukta' is from vi + nir + root muc (to free).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāśa+vinirmukta)

• pāśa – noose, snare, bond
  noun (masculine)
• vinirmukta – freed, released, liberated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From upasargas vi- + nir- + root muc (to free).
  Prefixes: vi+nir
  Root: muc (class 6)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates 'kariṣyati'.

नः (naḥ) - us, to us

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Enclitic form of the first person plural pronoun.

Note: Object of 'kariṣyati' with 'śeṣam'.

शेषं (śeṣaṁ) - Refers to any remaining members of their side. (remainder, residue, rest)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śeṣa

śeṣa - remainder, residue, rest, surplus

From root śiṣ (to leave as a remainder).

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Direct object of 'kariṣyati'.

करिष्यति (kariṣyati) - Will leave no remainder. (will do, will make, will cause)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of kṛ

future tense

From root kṛ (to do, make), 8th class, Parasmaipada.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The subject is 'siṃhaḥ' (by simile, Arjuna).