महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-44, verse-3

देशकालेन संयुक्तं युद्धं विजयदं भवेत् ।
हीनकालं तदेवेह फलवन्न भवत्युत ।
देशे काले च विक्रान्तं कल्याणाय विधीयते ॥३॥

3. deśakālena saṁyuktaṁ yuddhaṁ vijayadaṁ bhavet ,
hīnakālaṁ tadeveha phalavanna bhavatyuta ,
deśe kāle ca vikrāntaṁ kalyāṇāya vidhīyate.

3. deśakālena saṃyuktam yuddham
vijayadam bhavet hīnakālam tat eva iha
phalavat na bhavati uta deśe kāle
ca vikrāntam kalyāṇāya vidhīyate

3. A battle (yuddha) that is aligned with the proper place and time (deśakāla) may bring victory. But that very battle, if ill-timed, is not fruitful here. And a valiant act (vikrānta), when carried out at the right place and time, is conducive to well-being.

Words meanings summery:

• देशकालेन (deśakālena) - by place and time

• संयुक्तम् (saṁyuktam) - endowed with, joined with, combined

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war

• विजयदम् (vijayadam) - victory-giving, leading to victory

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may it be, it should be

• हीनकालम् (hīnakālam) - ill-timed, devoid of proper time

• तत् (tat) - that

• एव (eva) - indeed, very

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• फलवत् (phalavat) - fruitful, beneficial

• न (na) - not

• भवति (bhavati) - is, becomes

• उत (uta) - and, moreover, even

• देशे (deśe) - in the place

• काले (kāle) - at the time

• च (ca) - and

• विक्रान्तम् (vikrāntam) - a valiant act, bravery, prowess

• कल्याणाय (kalyāṇāya) - for welfare, for well-being

• विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is done, is performed, is ordained

Words meanings and morphology

देशकालेन (deśakālena) - by place and time

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of deśakāla

deśakāla - place and time, proper time and place

Compound type : dvandva (deśa+kāla)

• deśa – place, region, country
  noun (masculine)
• kāla – time, season, proper moment
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrumental case implying 'in conjunction with' or 'by means of'.

संयुक्तम् (saṁyuktam) - endowed with, joined with, combined

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṃyukta

saṁyukta - joined, connected, endowed with, united

past passive participle

From root yuj (7th class, Atmanepada) with upasarga sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with yuddham. Often used as an adjective 'equipped with'.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Note: Subject of bhavet.

विजयदम् (vijayadam) - victory-giving, leading to victory

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vijayada

vijayada - giving victory, granting success

Compound of vijaya ('victory') and da ('giving' from root dā).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vijaya+da)

• vijaya – victory, triumph, conquest
  noun (masculine)
• da – giving, granting, bestowing
  adjective (masculine)
  From root dā 'to give'.
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with yuddham. Predicative adjective.

भवेत् (bhavet) - may it be, it should be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of bhū

Third person singular optative

Root verb bhū (1st class, Parasmaipada)

Root: bhū (class 1)

हीनकालम् (hīnakālam) - ill-timed, devoid of proper time

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hīnakāla

hīnakāla - devoid of time, ill-timed, untimely

Compound of hīna ('deficient, wanting') and kāla ('time').

Compound type : tatpurusha (hīna+kāla)

• hīna – deficient, abandoned, lacking, inferior
  participle (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From root hā 'to abandon, quit'.
  Root: hā (class 3)
• kāla – time, proper moment
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with tat (referring to yuddham).

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers back to 'yuddham'.

एव (eva) - indeed, very

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

फलवत् (phalavat) - fruitful, beneficial

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of phalavat

phalavat - fruitful, productive, beneficial, effective

Derived from phala ('fruit, result') with possessive suffix -vat.

Note: Agrees with tat (referring to yuddham). Predicative adjective.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

भवति (bhavati) - is, becomes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Third person singular present

Root verb bhū (1st class, Parasmaipada)

Root: bhū (class 1)

उत (uta) - and, moreover, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Often used to connect additional statements or as an interrogative/emphatic particle.

देशे (deśe) - in the place

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - place, region, country

काले (kāle) - at the time

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, proper moment

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विक्रान्तम् (vikrāntam) - a valiant act, bravery, prowess

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vikrānta

vikrānta - valorous, mighty, brave; a heroic act, prowess

past passive participle

From root kram (1st class, Parasmaipada) with upasarga vi. Functions here as a noun.

Prefix: vi

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Subject of vidhīyate.

कल्याणाय (kalyāṇāya) - for welfare, for well-being

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of kalyāṇa

kalyāṇa - welfare, auspiciousness, good fortune, happiness

Note: Dative of purpose, 'for the sake of welfare'.

विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is done, is performed, is ordained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of dhā

Third person singular present passive

Root verb dhā (3rd class, Ubhayapada) with upasarga vi. Passive voice.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)