महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-44, verse-6

एकश्च पञ्च वर्षाणि ब्रह्मचर्यमधारयत् ।
एकः सुभद्रामारोप्य द्वैरथे कृष्णमाह्वयत् ।
अस्मिन्नेव वने कृष्णो हृतां कृष्णामवाजयत् ॥६॥

6. ekaśca pañca varṣāṇi brahmacaryamadhārayat ,
ekaḥ subhadrāmāropya dvairathe kṛṣṇamāhvayat ,
asminneva vane kṛṣṇo hṛtāṁ kṛṣṇāmavājayat.

6. ekaḥ ca pañca varṣāṇi brahmacaryam
adhārayat | ekaḥ subhadrām āropya
dvairathe kṛṣṇam āhvayat | asmin
eva vane kṛṣṇaḥ hṛtām kṛṣṇām avājayat

6. One (Arjuna) observed celibacy (brahmacarya) for five years. One (Arjuna), having placed Subhadrā (on his chariot), challenged Kṛṣṇa to a chariot-borne combat. In this very forest, Kṛṣṇa recovered the abducted Draupadī (Kṛṣṇā).

Words meanings summery:

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one (referring to Arjuna) (one, a certain one)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• पञ्च (pañca) - five

• वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years (years, rains)

• ब्रह्मचर्यम् (brahmacaryam) - celibacy (brahmacarya) (celibacy, student life, religious studentship)

• अधारयत् (adhārayat) - observed (he observed, he bore, he held)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one (referring to Arjuna) (one, a certain one)

• सुभद्राम् (subhadrām) - Subhadrā (Subhadrā (a proper name))

• आरोप्य (āropya) - having placed (on his chariot, implied) (having caused to ascend, having placed upon, having attributed)

• द्वैरथे (dvairathe) - in a chariot-borne combat / duel (in a single combat, in a chariot duel)

• कृष्णम् (kṛṣṇam) - Kṛṣṇa (Kṛṣṇa (a proper name), dark, black)

• आह्वयत् (āhvayat) - challenged (he challenged, he called, he invoked)

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

• एव (eva) - very, indeed (indeed, very, only, alone)

• वने (vane) - in this forest (in the forest, in the wood)

• कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa (Kṛṣṇa (a proper name), dark, black)

• हृताम् (hṛtām) - abducted (abducted, stolen, carried away (feminine))

• कृष्णाम् (kṛṣṇām) - Draupadī (Kṛṣṇā) (Draupadī (Kṛṣṇā), dark-skinned (feminine))

• अवाजयत् (avājayat) - recovered (he won back, he recovered, he conquered)

Words meanings and morphology

एकः (ekaḥ) - one (referring to Arjuna) (one, a certain one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique, a certain, alone

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

conjunction

पञ्च (pañca) - five

(numeral)

Note: Functions as an adjective for `varṣāṇi`.

वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years (years, rains)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of varṣa

varṣa - year, rain, monsoon, cloud

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Accusative of duration.

ब्रह्मचर्यम् (brahmacaryam) - celibacy (brahmacarya) (celibacy, student life, religious studentship)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of brahmacarya

brahmacarya - religious studentship, celibacy, chaste life, continence

From `brahmacarin` + `ṣyañ` for abstract noun, or directly from `brahman` + `caryā`.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+carya)

• brahman – Vedic prayer, sacred word, the Absolute (brahman)
  noun (neuter)
• carya – to be practiced, conduct
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From root `car` (to move, to practice) + `ṇyat` suffix.
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Object of `adhārayat`.

अधारयत् (adhārayat) - observed (he observed, he bore, he held)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dhāraya

causative imperfect active 3rd singular

From root `dhṛ` (to hold, to bear) with causative `ṇic` and augment `a` for imperfect.

Root: dhṛ (class 10)

एकः (ekaḥ) - one (referring to Arjuna) (one, a certain one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique, a certain, alone

सुभद्राम् (subhadrām) - Subhadrā (Subhadrā (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of subhadrā

subhadrā - having good fortune, auspicious, Subhadrā (sister of Kṛṣṇa and wife of Arjuna)

Note: Object of `āropya`.

आरोप्य (āropya) - having placed (on his chariot, implied) (having caused to ascend, having placed upon, having attributed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root `ruh` (to rise, to ascend) with prefix `ā` and causative `ṇic` + `lyap` suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

द्वैरथे (dvairathe) - in a chariot-borne combat / duel (in a single combat, in a chariot duel)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dvairatha

dvairatha - single combat (especially in chariots), duel of charioteers

Derived from `dvi` (two) + `ratha` (chariot), or `dvīratha` from `dvī` (two) and `ratha`, then `aṇ` suffix.

कृष्णम् (kṛṣṇam) - Kṛṣṇa (Kṛṣṇa (a proper name), dark, black)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Kṛṣṇa (a proper name), dark, black, blue-black

Note: Object of `āhvayat`.

आह्वयत् (āhvayat) - challenged (he challenged, he called, he invoked)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of āhvā

imperfect active 3rd singular

From root `hvā` (to call) with prefix `ā` + augment `a` for imperfect.

Prefix: ā

Root: hvā (class 1)

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

एव (eva) - very, indeed (indeed, very, only, alone)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

वने (vane) - in this forest (in the forest, in the wood)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

Root: van (class 1)

कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa (Kṛṣṇa (a proper name), dark, black)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Kṛṣṇa (a proper name), dark, black, blue-black

Note: Subject of `avājayat`.

हृताम् (hṛtām) - abducted (abducted, stolen, carried away (feminine))

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of hṛta

hṛta - taken, carried off, stolen, abducted

Past Passive Participle

From root `hṛ` (to take, to carry off) + `kta` suffix.

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Used as an adjective for Draupadī.

कृष्णाम् (kṛṣṇām) - Draupadī (Kṛṣṇā) (Draupadī (Kṛṣṇā), dark-skinned (feminine))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛṣṇā

kṛṣṇā - Draupadī (wife of the Pāṇḍavas), dark-skinned woman

Feminine form of `kṛṣṇa`.

Note: Object of `avājayat`.

अवाजयत् (avājayat) - recovered (he won back, he recovered, he conquered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of avajī

imperfect active 3rd singular

From root `jī` (to conquer, to win) with prefix `ava` + augment `a` for imperfect.

Prefix: ava

Root: jī (class 1)